Honey bees for the field assay were obtained from brood frames collected from the colonies of the experimental apiary (established 1 year prior to the start of the assays, including population and mated queens of the same genetic line). Newly emerged honey bees were incubated for 2 days at 30...
Moreover, carboxylesterases have been demonstrated to play detoxifying roles against drugs and toxicants [1]. In honeybees, carboxylesterases reportedly mediate physiological activities owing to their involvement in the detoxification or metabolism of insecticides [4] as well as the processing of dietary...
Keywords: bee pollen; pectic polysaccharide; hepatic steatosis; insulin resistance; autophagy 1. Introduction Bee pollen is a mass of pollen grains in the hive after storage and fermentation. Because bees collect the most abundant nutrients on a variety of stamens, bee pollen is also known as "...