a读书使人明智 Studies causes the human to be unwise[translate] a从抗日战争到新中国成立 Establishes from the Sino-Japanese War to new China[translate] asolar radiation (beam and diffuse) 太阳辐射(射线和散开)[translate]
Normal beam radiation is computed from the hemispherical and diffuse radiation using two different methods. The two methods are found to agree generally to within 7%. The results are presented as country-border-contained isolines of radiation. The sensitivity of beam radiation to the accuracy of ...
Note that wavelengths shorter than 200 nanometers are absorbed by Terra's atmosphere (so they are sometimes called "Vacuum frequencies") and anything shorter than 10 nanometers is considered "ionizing radiation" (i.e., what the an average person on the street calls "atomic radiation"). Vacuum...
In our previous works on such GaN/AlN MQW structures, the QW thickness was varied in the range of 0.75–7 ML to study the effect on the emission wavelength and output power of UV radiation. It was shown that a decrease in the QW thickness to 1–2 ML resulted in a blue shift of the...
radiation-enhanced diffusion. The first of these requires a direct hit between an incident ion and a coating atom, transferring kinetic energy. Such head-on collisions are rather rare: Nelson calculated the under 100 keV neon ion bombardment of a thin boron coating on silicon, only 2% of the...
This that the suggests tfohramt tahtieofnoremneartgioynoof faacccceepptotor-rtydpeefeVctSsn defect decreases with the increase in electric becomes more likely under the external elec- tron radiation. This result can be rationalized as follows: the presence of external electric field also leads ...
(a2). After the autofocus, the central lobe collapses and gradually diffuses into an intriguing beam contour with eight intensity maxima placed equally in a symmetric but peculiar polygon shape. Interestingly, as opposed to the reported accelerating quinary-cusp beams31, the APPBs not only possess...
it is impossible to optimize both the optical couplings between the semiconductor laser and the optical circuitry and between the optical circuitry and the optical fiber at the same time, not so far as the radiation angle of the far-field pattern of the semiconductor laser is nearly equal to ...
In addition, there is a related problem of providing diffuse lighting in a small area for detailed manual work, such as dentistry or surgery. The current solution is a diffusing concentrator near the light source. A web search on the term “surgical lamp” will find many examples. Though the...
classes: (1) elastic scattering, in which the collisions of the beam electrons with the sample affect their trajectories without significant energy transfer; and (2) inelastic scattering, in which part of the beam energy is transferred to the sample leading to generation of secondary radiations. ...