酸(acids)和碱(bases)是化学中的核心概念,涉及物质性质、反应机制及实际应用。其核心内容包括酸碱理论、pH值、酸碱反应,而高水平学习需掌握滴定、pKa/pKb及缓冲溶液计算。IGCSE阶段则侧重化学反应、实验操作及方程式书写。以下是详细分点解析: 一、酸碱理论与基础概念 酸碱定义 根据阿累...
Acids, Bases and pH Part One What is pH? • A measure of Hydronium Ion (H 3 O + ) concentration in solution • Measured on a scale ranging from 0 – 14 –Acid = <7 –Base = >7 –Neutral = 7, example: pure water What is an Acid? • A substance that prod...
Acids, Bases and pH：酸,碱,pH值幻灯片PPT Acids,BasesandpH PartOne 精品文档 WhatispH?•AmeasureofHydroniumIon(H3O+)concentrationinsolution •Measuredonascalerangingfrom0–14•Acid=<7•Base=>7•Neutral=7,example:purewater 精品文档 WhatisanAcid?•Asubstancethatproduceshydrogenions(H+)in...
每日一词:酸和碱 (Acids and bases) Nanbo Wang 土木工程/桥梁/结构健康监测/混凝土材料 来自专栏 · 每日一词 1 人赞同了该文章 一般来说,酸是含有过量正氢离子的溶液,而碱或碱性溶液含有过量带负电荷的氢氧根(OH-)离子。酸和碱也有更一般的定义,即电子接受体和电子供体。 酸的一个例子是盐酸,当氯化氢(H...
This includes the strength of acids and their conjugate bases, the behavior of acids and bases in aqueous solution, the autoionization of water, and the acid ionization constants. The "p" functions, including pH, pOH, p K a , p K b , and p K w , are discussed. The function and ...
An acid aqueous solution has [H + ] > [OH − ], an alkaline solution has [H + ] < [OH − ], and a solution in which [H + ] = [OH − ] is said to be neutral. The most general idea of acids and bases is due to G. N. Lewis. A Lewis acid is a...
让我们以最常见的一种为例，盐酸。它起源于氯化氢（HCl）在水中的溶解，这个过程释放出自由的氢离子，如同拆解的化学舞者，形成活泼的盐酸溶液。同样，氢氧化钠（NaOH）的溶解则为水世界带来了碱性气息，它的离子结构确保了溶液中氢氧根离子的充足。酸度的量化与应用 酸度的衡量标准是那个神秘的pH值，它...
盐酸是酸的一个例子，当氯化氢（H+CI-）溶解在水中时，氢离子与氯离子间的键断裂，释放出自由的正氢离子，形成了盐酸。氢氧化钠（Na+OH-）溶解后形成的溶液则呈碱性。pH值的范围从0（强酸性）到14（强碱性），用来衡量溶液的酸度。汽车电池内的酸性溶液pH值约为0至1，而镁乳（用于治疗胃病的药物...
Low pH = Acidic If a solution has a pH that is lower than 7, that solution is considered acidic. Acids are usually sour or bitter – coffee, cola, and lemon juice all have an acidic pH. When used in cleaning products, acids help to break down difficult stains like rust or mineral ...
第1节 酸、碱和盐(Acids, Bases, and Salts) 本节主要探讨IGCSE化学中最基础且最重要的概念之一:酸(Acid)、碱(Base)和盐(Salt)。学习本节内容,有助于学生理解日常生活与工业生产中常见的化学现象和过程。 1.1 酸碱的定义与性质(Definitions and Properties of Acids and Bases) ...