Louis Pasteur demonstrated in 1859 that the fermentation process is caused by the growth of microorganisms, and that this growth is not due to spontaneous generation. (Yeasts and molds, commonly associated with fermentation, are not bacteria, but rather fungi.) Along with his contemporary, Robert ...
Reverse the motion of someone swimming with a paddle and you can tell the difference because they go backwards! Now do the same to someone paddling in treacle and you can't tell the difference. Now, to move forwards a swimmer has to break this time-reversal symmetry so that the video...
1c, the hatched bars indicate unbinned rpS3 genes). We found that all of the groundwater communities are distinct in phylum-level composition (Fig. 1b,c), with a strong divide between the Ag site and the pristine sites on the basis of principal component analysis (Extended Data Fig. 1...
Biofilm formation is a natural bacterial process that starts by clinging to a surface. The formation of biofilm is the result of the survival strategy of bacteria against stress conditions in the environment. Although biofilm generation is a slow process, it is natural and provides higher cell ...
However, the mode and mechanism of division also help influence the type of shape that a given type of bacteria will have. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, as is the case with the other diplococci bacteria, division occurs in the parallel plane perpendicular to the long axis....
Like in case A, the hook locks in step B3 and the motor's rotation starts to reorient the proximal end of the filament. However, the motor switches back to CCW before the base of the filament has rotated by 90°, so that the hook unlocks and the normal filament comes back to its ...
The reason for this is that surface microorganisms can survive and drift for longer periods due to the buoyancy and stability provided by microplastics [57]. 4.3 Degradation of microplastics by microbes Microorganisms, particularly bacteria, exhibit dual ecological interactions with microplastics:...
Anaerobic bacteria are those that can produce energy without using oxygen. Lactic acid fermentation starts with the process of glycolysis. During glycolysis, cells take in glucose and use several metabolic chemical reactions to create two molecules of pyruvate. In the process NAD+ is reduced to ...
Cell biology - edited by Patricia C Zambryski and Karl J Oparka It is conceivable that plant pathogens, in analogy to bacterial pathogens of mammals (reviewed in [22,23]), have evolved means to establish a compatible host–parasite interaction by perturbation of processes that are dependent on...
Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants ...