Common Variable Immune Deficiency, or CVID: This condition leaves people vulnerable to recurrent infections.3 Crohn's disease: Villous atrophy is unusual in Crohn's disease but does occur occasionally.4 Lymphoma: One study found two different types of lymphoma could cause villous atrophy: small inte...
Atrophy, decrease in size of a body part, cell, organ, or other tissue. Atrophy is a hallmark of conditions such as starvation, aging, and certain disease states. It also occurs normally in some cells and organs at certain life stages. Learn more about t
Vision loss occurs in one eye first, and then the other, an indication that the patient has an inherited condition called Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy Multiple sclerosis causes optic neuritis, which is a swelling or inflammation of the optic nerve caused by MS A growing tumor is pressing...
An example of this type of reflex is the one that occurs when a person’s knee is tapped, causing an automatic knee jerk reaction. Involuntary tongue movements can be common; these are especially prevalent among infants with SMA type 1, the most common form of the disease. Speech problems ...
Wasting not only occurs in the muscle, but can also affect the organs of the body. Cerebral atrophy is a common form of degeneration that begins when brain cells and brain tissue begin to waste away. This degeneration can lead to speech problems, vision impairment and eventually dementia. One...
Micropapilla is a small-appearing optic nerve that does not result in blindness. III. ONH is an inherited condition in miniature and toy poodles and can be seen in many breeds (Kern and Riis, 1981; Rubin, 1989). IV. ONH can be unilateral or bilateral. Pathophysiology I. The origin of...
Atrophy is a general physiological process of reabsorption and breakdown of tissues, involving apoptosis on a cellular level. When it occurs as a result of disease or loss of trophic support due to other disease, it is termed pathological atrophy, although it can be a part of normal body deve...
Brain atrophy, or cerebral atrophy, is a condition in which the brain or regions of the brain decrease or shrink in size. It ranges in severity, and the extent of change determines its impact. A mild degree of brain atrophy is not always a concern. Substantial brain atrophy can be associa...
It is important to note that weakness and atrophy of limb muscles are relatively early to midstage signs of both ALS and CDM, whereas failure of respiratory muscles is a manifestation that occurs relatively late in the course of these diseases. Therefore, the intercostal muscles evaluated in the...
Protein synthesis is controlled by the translation efficiency and capacity (the number of ribosomes) of mRNA into peptides [61]. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a key growth factor that regulates anabolic and catabolic pathways in skeletal muscle, and it promotes protein synthesis ...