Atmospheric pressure is the force per unit area exerted by a body of air above a specified area (called an atmospheric column). It is expressed in several different systems of units, including millimeters (or inches) of mercury, pounds per square inch (p
and T. Willems: 2003, `Atmospheric Pressure Loading in GPS Height Estimates'. Advances in Space Research 31, 1959-1964.Brondeel, (2003) Adv Space Res 31: pp. 1959Brondeel, M, Willems, T. 2003 Atmospheric Pressure Loading in GPS Height Estimates Adv. Space Res. 31 1959 1964 View ...
这些包括它的尺寸，重量，海拔高，空气温度，大气压力和许多其他的
To apply this physics in the current study, the liquid-vapour interface temperature was predicted using the vapour pressure estimated from Eq. (15) with the liquid pressure P∞ at the interface including the hydrostatic pressure term (ρlgHL), where HL is the liquid height in the boiling ...
and sometimes difficult due to their low concentration, i.e., the low mixing ratio of the atmospheric trace constituents. The quantity of a trace gas can be expressed in terms of its pressure and density or its mixing ratio (r) which can be written as (Jennings1994; Wallace and Hobbs2006...
Fig. 3: Temperature vs pressure and height. Time/height profiles over Mt. Everest for temperature (2 m). The dashed line indicates the approximate level of Mt. Everest summit. Annual anomalies are relative to 1951–2000 climatology. Data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Fore...
Adding these turbulence models to the momentum and energy equations, CFD engineers have been able to reproduce the experimental observations related to the interaction of the flow field with solid bodies in terms of pressure gradients (aerodynamics) and in terms of heat and mass transfer. All ...
(Liu et al.2013). The North Pacific high-pressure system is strong in summer, and the Siberian High reverses to a low-pressure system. This behavior is typical of the summer monsoon in East Asia. Associated with the summer monsoon, pristine air masses from the Pacific are transported to ...
Precisions on measurements are usually about 0.5°C for temperature, 0.5 hPa for pressure and about 2% for relative humidity. In addition to ground-based weather stations, measurements of the height-dependent profiles of state variables are needed to well estimate atmospheric effects up to the top...
Also, the dynamic models and flight conditions, such as dynamic pressure and vehicle velocity, should correspond to the middle of the altitude bands. Finally, the forcing function sets should be created in such a way that the selected altitude bands overlap; in this manner, wind features at ...