Gases at sea level are also compressed by the weight of the atmosphere above them. The force of the air weighing down over a unit of area is known as itsatmospheric pressure. The reason why we are not crushed by this weight is because the molecules inside our bodies are pushing outward t...
Precision engineered to provide fast and reproducible data, Cirrus 3 can accurately detect and quantify gases and gas mixtures, from one or more sampling locations with a single instrument. Gas composition can be monitored over a wide dynamic range, from percentage levels down to the sub ppm rang...
Calibration of the DOAS system was performed individually by inserting a cell with quartz glass windows into the optical path between the light source and the receiver assuming constant value of the product of concentration and distance. Besides, standard gases with different concentration were filled ...
is of great importance.3Scattering of light by tropospheric sulfate particles exerts a cooling effect compared with warming due to greenhouse gases.1Particles generated by combustion of fossil fuel contain both black carbon and organic carbon. Black carbon heats the atmosphere by absorption of solar ...
These DOD spectra are analysed by a matrix inversion technique to calculate individual DOD spectrum of the gases. The observed and calculated DODs are found to be in a good agreement. The coefficient of determination (R2) between observed and calculated DODs of NO2, O3, BrO, OClO, O4 (...
The ionosphere is so named because absorption of solar radiation by atmospheric gases creates ionized layers, such as the E, F1, and F2 layers at approximately 120,000, 220,000, and 380,000 m, respectively; these ionized layers enable global radio communications to be carried out by refract...
Isoprene is a key trace component of the atmosphere emitted by vegetation and other organisms. It is highly reactive and can impact atmospheric composition and climate by affecting the greenhouse gases ozone and methane and secondary organic aerosol formation. Marine fluxes are poorly constrained due ...
Practically all of the energy that reaches the earth comes from the sun. Intercepted first by the atmosphere, a small part is directly absorbed, particularly by certain gases such as ozone and water vapor. Some energy is also reflected back to space by clouds and the earth's surface. ...
13.Morning temperature is expected to be around 20 degrees by Thursday.预料星期四早上气温大概二十度。 14.It's about degrees Celsius this afternoon.今天下午的气温大约是摄氏二十七度。 15.The abiotic factors of the environment include light, temperature, and atmospheric gases.环境的非生物因素包括光、...
As explained in Section 3.1 and Section 3.2, the molecular component is characterised by its well-mixed gases (dinitrogren, dioxygen, etc.) and variable gases as water vapour or ozone present in much lower quantity. Whereas permanent gases fix the general properties of the atmosphere as its he...