The emissions of modern gasoline and diesel passenger cars are reduced by catalysts except in cold-starting. Since catalysts require a certain temperature (typically above 300 掳C) to work to full efficiency, emissions are significantly higher during the warm-up phase of the car. The duration of...
A. Reduce your gas consumption and carbon emissions by walking, biking, or taking the bus. B. Here are some suggestions for you to live an eco?friendly life. C. Use less energy during the hot summer months and cold winter season. D. This is an easy way to reduce energy u...
While the phenomenon of excess vehicle emissions from cold-start conditions is well known, the magnitude and duration of this phenomenon is often unclear due to the complex chemical processes involved and uncertainty in the literature on this subject. This paper synthesizes key findings regarding the...
New legislation in the European Community (EC) will significantly reduce allowable exhaust emissions from cars and include higher speeds in the emission test cycle. These changes will make it necessary for cars to be equipped with more effective emission control systems. This report describes the mea...
Augite equilibrates at a slightly higher melt-H2O content relative to diopside due to the higher portion of solid fraction during the late stage of clinopyroxene growth, before abundant hp-magma degassing and plagioclase crystallisation during magma ascent towards the surface3. Indeed, the amount ...
The spread of the virus must be contained. —Facing the virus, we should enhance solidarity and get this through together. We should follow the guidance of science, give full play to the leading role of the World Health Organization, and launch a joint international response to beat this ...
Bioluminescence emissions from a few species of fireflies have been studied at different temperatures. Variations in the flash-duration have been observed and interesting conclusions drawn in those studies. Here we investigate steady-state and pulsed emi
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Increasing the discharge power and frequency enhance the NRP discharge effects resulting in higher NRPD efficiency. Abstract In this work, the use of Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed (NRP) discharges is investigated numerically to improve the stabilisation of the flame in a swirl burner. The studied con...