1.1. Definition and pathophysiology of asthma Bronchial asthma (hereinafter, asthma) is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, which clinically manifests as variable airway narrowing (wheezes and dyspnea) and cough. Airway narrowing is reversible and derives from airway inflammation and hyperresponsive...
Khan DA. Allergic rhinitis and asthma: epidemiology and common pathophysiology. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2014;35(5):357–61. Article PubMed Google Scholar Samitas K, Carter A, Kariyawasam HH, Xanthou G. Upper and lower airway remodelling mechanisms in asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosi...
Pathophysiology The pathophysiology of asthma is well recognized and is characterized by variable airflow constriction and airway hyperresponsiveness, thereby causing a contractile response of the airways due to a variety of stimuli. The airway inflammation associated with asthma is felt to be the...
The mechanism of allergic asthma and the key role of IgE in its pathophysiology have been extensively studied.19, 20 Research has demonstrated that IgE plays a fundamental role in the triggering, development, and chronicity of the inflammatory responses within the disease.19 IgE constitutes only a...
ASTHMA MEDICATIONS 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 23 24 29 MECHANISMS OF ASTHMA Airway Inflammation In Asthma Inflammatory cells Structural changes in airways Pathophysiology Airway hyperresponsiveness Special Mechanisms Acute exacerbations Nocturnal Asthma Irreversible airflow asthma Difficult-to-treat ...
A discussion of some of the aspects of this investi- gation with regard to understanding the pathophysiology and cause of difficult/therapy-resistant asthma follows. Table 3. ± Investigation of difficult/therapy-resistant asth- ma Assessment of severity Symptom score chart and use of b2-agonist ...
Factors accounting for sitagliptin pathophysiology can be inferred from a review of DPP IV function and precedents set by other peptidases. This is highly relevant for allergists who may see patients with similar symptoms or apparent drug reactions. The most recent NICE clinical guidelines recommend ad...
Pathophysiology of disorders limiting exercise. In: Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999. p. 1142–95. Google Scholar Neder JA, Nery LE, Castelo A, Andreoni S, Lerario MC, Sachs A, et al. Prediction of metabolic and ...
multiple phenotypes in which the clinical profiles and patterns of inflammation have distinct, though overlapping, characteristics. To appreciate the mechanisms of disease in asthma and the role ofeosinophils, it is helpful to explore the contribution of individual cells to the pathophysiology of asthma...
Based on pathophysiology, clinical, and demographical data, asthma has been proposed to fall into several main ‘phenotypes’ (Bel, 2004; Moore et al., 2010; Wenzel, 2012), including allergic asthma, non-allergic asthma, adult or late-onset asthma, asthma with persistent airflow limitation and...