The databases used in this study have considered the detail processes of each material in manufacturing, transportation, and disposal involved during its life cycle [29,31]. 2.2. Life Cycle Inventory 2.2.1. Pre-Use Phase The LCI data for the pre-use phase were obtained from the bill of ...
The monetary value of these surpluses can reduce the DWTP’s electricity bill payments to electric utility companies [22,25] and improve the quality of electric power services in the area because the plant will use less energy from the local grid. In the case of 100% renewable (off-grid)...