Following the design binder content obtained for HMA mixes, the "dropped in" (introducing warm mix additives directly into the binder/mix) method of warm mix technology is frequently used for designing the WMA mixes [31,55]. Few researchers reported concern about the optimum binder content ...
There is little concern if asphalt cement spills out of either a transporting vehicle or at a plant. It starts to harden the moment it cools to under 250 degrees F and cannot travel over the ground more than a few feet. It will not penetrate the soil more than a few inches before soli...
Hence, the selection of the appropriatecross sectiondesign, suitable for adapting to the objectives of pavement sustainability, is a primary concern. As such inverted pavements have been introduced as innovative design for sustainable asphalt pavements. Specifically, inverted asphalt pavement is an alterna...
There are environmental regulations that prohibit burning and burying of tires in a solid waste facility to reduce air pollution and hazardous waste. Thus, handling this accumulation, which is estimated at approximately three-quarter of a billion tires per year in the USA, is a major concern. ...
Sometimes waste materials, such as asphalt roofing shingles, crushed glass, orrubberfrom oldtires, are added to asphalt concrete as is the case withrubberized asphalt, but there is a concern that the hybrid material may not berecyclable.Finally, it is really important for us to create a kind...
(SEA) mixtures can be produced directly in the mixing plant just before the laying of the asphalt mixture. One major concern in handling sulfur-asphalt mix is the fear of the evolution of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during production and laying. This problem can be ameliorated by adding carbon or...
a focus on economical, social, and environmental benefits. The current decade has seen a rampant rise of bio-asphalt as an alternative to asphalt. Hence, it is imperative to explore the performance of bio-asphalt for its sustainable applicability. This review comprehensively summarizes the ...
This is important as a concern to the initial heat absorption capability of the material to minimise the heat transfer within the pavement structure. Therefore, a low thermal conductivity of materials is preferable because it tends to conduct less heat throughout the pavement structure and prevent ...
The propensity for leakage is one concern addressed in Table A2. The practical application of PCM is intricate due to their susceptibility to leakage during phase transitions. Ensuring the integrity of these materials, hence averting potential losses, represents a significant challenge in PCM selection...
Microplastics derived from the fragmentation and degradation of plastics pose an even more serious concern for public health, as they are small enough to pass through waste filtration systems and are difficult to remove [12,13]. Consequently, “plastic pollution” or “white pollution” has become...