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Active Arf/Arl1 are in the GTP-bound state and associate with the membrane. The GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) convert Arf/Arl1 into a GDP-bound inactive state. Inactive Arf/Arl1 then dissociate from the membrane and become cytosolic. Arf proteins recruit coat complexes such as COPI and ...
Drawing examples from the literature, we discuss three general mechanisms by which Arf can influence cell signaling: control of membrane bound compartments that support signaling, regulation of phosphoinositide lipids that signal through Akt and regulation of GEFs and GAPs that control GTPases of the ...
To understand the evolution of this regulatory system across the fornicate lineage, we have performed comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses of the ARF GTPases, and their regulatory GAPs and GEFs in fornicate genomes and transcriptomes. Prior to our analysis of the fornicates, we first ...
GPCRs, such as the prototypical receptors angiotensin II type 1, bradykinin B2, β2-adrenergic receptors, and vasopressin V2 receptors (AT1R, B2R, β2AR and V2R, respectively), signal at the plasma membrane (PM) mainly via the activation of their cognate G proteins (e.g., Gαq for AT...
of Arf proteins, Arf GAPs are essential for Arf inactivation and are often incorporated into protein coats.44 The GAP for Arf4 is ASAP1, an essential regulator of ciliary targeting.3 The mammalian Arfs consist of six isoforms (Arf1-Arf6), and all but Arf6 are associated wi...
TBS: a novel ArfGEF subfamily in alveolates.Top: Domain structure of the TBS subfamily. Below: Sequences of the TBC domain from Paramecium TBS aligned with TBC domains from known RabGAPs. Secondary structures are from the crystal structure of yeast GYP1 [30]. ...
Arf GTPases and their GEFs and GAPS: Concepts and challenges 2019, Molecular Biology of the Cell View all citing articles on Scopus * This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants EY08123 and EY019298 (to W. B.) and NEI Core Grant EY014800-039003, unrestricted...
The cycling between GTP- and GDP-bound forms is tightly regulated by different factors, including guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), that stimulate the exchange of GDP for GTP, and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), that promote GTP hydrolysis and thereby control the lifetime of the ...