aAreas in the landscape where groundwater discharge to the surface is likely to occur include topographic depressions and at the break of slope in lower areas of the terrain, which commonly results in discharge to wetlands and rivers. Groundwater discharge via evaporation and transpiration are also...
) and water quality. Wetlands can detain storm flows and remove nutrients, particularly nitrate via denitrification.Riparian vegetationcan take up nutrients and encourage trapping of sediments delivered from upslope areas. It is important to identify objectives for riparian management, locations where ...
Major wetland declines occurred in Norway and northern Finland, typically on areas where forest expanded. Warming of climate in high latitude, availability of nutrient for plant growth and extensive water withdrawals are the main drivers of wetland drying (Werner et al., 2013; Green et al., ...
Typically, authors focused on gypsum karst which has been considerably less studied than limestone karst. The increased spatial development of cities and villages has meant that more and more new buildings are located in areas where karst phenomena occur. The presence of shallow karst forms as well...
It has been used to map canopy structure, water surface elevation and bathymetry of coastal wetlands. LiDAR typically operate in the near infrared NIR (1064 nm) or green wavelength (~ 532 nm) to generate pseudo images by gathering a collection of point measurements within a swath. LiDAR ...
The thermocline is a zone in a body of water where the temperature changes markedly with depth. Water bodies are typically well mixed near the surface by wind and waves, so below this layer the water begins to stratify. Eventually, water temperature drops with depth until it is just above ...
What is a biodiversity hotspot and where to they typically occur? What is biodiversity? How does it arise and what factors maintain it in an environment? In what area of the world do we find the most biodiversity? A) What is an ecotone and how do they affect biodi...
cattle drive near the village of Bad Hindelang, southern Germany. During the traditional "Almabtrieb" event, cow herds are brought from alpine pastures, where they stay during the summer, to lower pastures in the valley. Some of the cows are decorated and celebrations occur throughout the ...
Coastal Ecosystems and Wetlands Mangroves In South America, mangroves occur along fragments of the Atlantic coastlines of Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guyana, and Brazil, and the Pacific coastlines of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Figure 3). Mangroves develop well in areas where the...
Today, antibiotics are commonly found in marshes, wetlands, rivers, lakes, soil and other systems (Kraemer et al., 2019, Mahdizadeh and Malakootian, 2019). Humic substances (HS) are components of natural organic matter widely found in natural environments, which consist of humic acids (HA),...