Using European data on country-level crude oil imports by their field of origin, we argue that crude oil is far from a homogenous good, and that the relevant substitutability for analyzing the impact of trade sanctions must account for the quality of different oil types in terms of their ...
Since 2015, there have been increases in trade depth and breadth. US President Don- ald Trump's decision to reimpose sanctions, however, puts these gains at risk moving forward. Myanmar's gains reflect the continuation of an upward trend that began when the country initiated a politi- cal...
Still, imports to Russia are rebounding as goods come through nearby countries such as Kazakhstan and Armenia, avoiding sanctions. Government spending on the military and social programs is spreading cash to people and companies, who are using some of it on imported products. Labor shortages, stemm...
Although there have been no official sanctions on Russian enriched uranium and the country has been honouring its legacy contracts with Western utilities to date, the stress caused from geopolitical and supply chain security aspects of the uranium market for theWestis only just beginning. As I touc...
In addition, there will be no compensation in any form to remedy the loss of the Bondholders. The Bonds will bear interest on their outstanding principal amount from, and including, 21 January 2022 (the ''Issue Date''). In respect of the period from, and including, the Issue Date to,...
It is important to acknowledge also that there are broader political economy outcomes, such as supporting extant political regimes. 6. This is based on figures reported by the manager of the GPFG, Norges Bank Investment Management. See https://www.nbim.no/. Last accessed 21 November 2022. 7...
Once they bring the cars to the border, they leave them there in a set of car parks where they sit for a few days until the necessary paperwork is completed. That paperwork is not without its own complications: after European states imposed sanctions, Georgia introduced its...
If there is no connecting departure scheduled on the date of arrival, departure on the next day, within 24 hours of arrival, shall not constitute a stopover. Transfers (Category 9) Travel must be via the specified diagrammatic routing associated with the fare on file with ATPCO. If any ...
and Qualcomm among others consolidate the country’s efforts in becoming the next-generation leader in tech worldwide. Lately, China and the US are battling for the 5G technology leadership, and the competition leads to an economic war that assumes sanctions and restrictions for companies on both...
It introduces upside too in the North Sea, Kazakhstan and Tanzania. But the view that Shell’s BG play is an evolutionary investment holds. This is a deal driven by short-term expediency and long-term strategy and one that illuminates Shell’s view of the potential of gas as the ...