Why can the amnion be considered an adaptation to terrestrial life? Humans belong to which subgroup of mammals? a. Monotremes. b. Eutherians. c. Cetaceans. d. Marsupials. Mammals are what, meaning they have different types of teeth in their mouth? Why aquatic animals are Ammonotelic? (a...
Rosen, Forey, Gardiner & Patterson (1981) challenge this view and contend that lungfishes are the sister group of tetrapods. They present a detailed cladistic analysis and claim to identify a large number of synapomorphies shared by lungfishes and tetrapods but not by rhipidistians. Their ...
Which of the following are not considered amniote tetrapods? A. tunicates B. crocodiles C. iguanas D. alligators List one characteristic of reptiles. Discuss how reptiles have evolved from amphibians. Identify the term: An extinct vertebrate with both mam...
The skeletal system of the amphibians is homologous (referring to the same ancestor) in its structure, similar to the other Tetrapods, but with some differences. Other than the legless Caecilians, all the rest have four limbs, but some of the salamander species have short limbs or none at a...
Hox genes from flies to humans clearly are homologous, and even orthologous in most instances, and undoubtedly they were clustered in the last common ancestor of the bilaterian animals (and probably even deeper in animal evolution - before the origin of the Cnidaria) [12]. If we can discern ...
considered, several additional measures demonstrated good psychometric properties and suitable practical value in evaluating pediatric stroke outcomes. Measures frequently used, including their feasibility assessments, are dissected to reveal their strengths and weaknesses, assisting in the selection of evidence...
There is, however, some accumulating evidence that neutrophils also have a differentiated role in antigen presentation in humans and mice (Abi Abdallah, Egan, Butcher, & Denkers, 2011; Li et al., 2019; Meinderts et al., 2019; Vono et al., 2017). Neutrophils are the most abundant ...
We searched for the orthologs of ULK1 in other species to determine the first duplication event that gave rise to ULK1 and ULK2 (in humans). In Fig. 3, we visualize the duplication event which happened at the base of the Chordates, after the split of Urochordates (Tunicates, around 500...
The Trypanosomatida order of kinetoplastids (Euglenozoa, Discoba) gathers a vast diversity of parasitic protozoans that cause worldwide health problems infecting humans and livestock1,2,3. Drugs preferential uptake and the presence of pathogen-specific enzymes determine the selectivity and toxicity of...
The tracks are also significant because they are the oldest record of a swimming tetrapod—that is, all animals with four legs, including humans—from Australia. "The foot and hand prints, along with the gaps between the sequence of traces, were unlike anything I had seen before. This led ...