GnRH agonists stimulate the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which can lead to increased testosterone levels. High testosterone levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. On the other hand, GnRH antagonists inhibit the release of ...
Importantly, the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values for BFA and GCA were around 60-fold and 11-fold lower, respectively, for senescent cells compared to normal cells (Fig.2hand Extended Data Fig.2e). BFA inhibits multiple guanine nucleotide exchange factors, whereas GCA is a spe...
2. Retinoids are potent transcriptional regulators that directly modulate the expression of >500 diverse genes, many of which are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation3. The transcriptional regulatory activity of
et al. BYLieve: A phase II study of alpelisib (ALP) with fulvestrant (FUL) or letrozole (LET) for treatment of PIK3CA mutant, hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2–) advanced breast cancer (aBC) progressing on/after cyclin-dependent kinase...
Injections can be given into the muscles or implanted as pellets. Testosterone levels can increase and then fall between shots. Low Testosterone Treatment: Testosterone Gels or Patches Gel or patch treatments for low testosterone are placed directly on the skin. The hormone seeps out of the ...
Gene set enrichment analysis in response to treatment with each SC revealed similar enrichment among DEGs for functional terms such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and plant hormone signal transduction (Fig.4h, Extended Data Fig. 4a, b, Supplementary Table 13). Notably, inocula...
The principal function of ovarian theca cells is steroid hormone production. Theca cells play an important role in controlling ovarian steroidogenesis by providing aromatizable androgens for granulosa cell estrogen biosynthesis [1]. Androgens also function as local regulators of ovarian folliculogenesis upon...
Most upregulated genes in TolDCs were enriched in “response to stimulus” (GO:0050896), including two daughter genesets “response to cytokine” and “response to hormone” (GO:0034097, GO:0009725) or in “regulation of metabolic process” (GO:0019222, Fig. 3F). These first processes ...
Sex differences in the gut microbiome drive hormone-dependent regulation of autoimmunity. Science. 2013;339(6123):1084–8. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Yurkovetskiy L, et al. Gender bias in autoimmunity is influenced by microbiota. Immunity. 2013;39(2):400–12. Article CAS PubMed ...
Understanding wild animal responses to stressors underpins effective wildlife management. In order for responses to stressors to be correctly interpreted,