Alternatively, in mammals, genes on the Y chromosome could evolve rapidly simply because the lack of repair during recombination facilitates mutation [1], but X-linked genes could also evolve quickly because recessive mutations are exposed to selection in males [13, 14]. Using unicellula...
Asexual experimental evolution of yeast does not curtail transposable elements. Mol. Biol. Evol. 38, 2831–2842 (2021). Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Keren, L. et al. Massively parallel interrogation of the effects of gene expression levels on fitness. Cell 166, 1282–...
In contrast, the limiting factor in sexual recombination of mtDNA may be paternal leakage and reduced recombination ability, at least in some animal taxa, most notably in mammals (cf. [2, 3, 15, 18–20]). It is noteworthy in this respect that mammalian mitochondrial genomes h...
Chordata containsallvertebrate animals, including mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians and fish, as well as other animals with basic spinal cord-like structures. Seeing as insects make up such a large proportion of the animal kingdom, perhaps they should be considered to be “typical” animals, r...
Or are there any animals that can defeat dinosaurs in modern times? In the dinosaur period, in fact, the body's evolution has almost reached the limit of the earth's world. In the long years, dinosaurs can be said to have made no progress. The result? Still destroyed. In this desperat...
Most of them have an alternation of sexual and asexual stages in their life cycle. An example of sporozoan is the Plasmodium falciparum, which is the causative agent of malaria. What are the four major groups of protozoa? Expert Answer: There are four groups of protozoa: Amoeboid Protozoans...
Australian scrub pythons prey preferentially on birds and mammals, including rodents and wallabies, and therefore it was hypothesized that S. nesbitti might actually have a snake-rodent life-cycle, with primates and humans as aberrant or – due to low intermediate host-specificity – alternative ...
Glyoxylate cycle is present in fungi but not in mammals, and β-oxidation of fatty acids develop in different directions between mammals and fungi. Therefore, in order to have a better under- stand on the importance of these pathways, physiological and virulence of mutant strains lacking of ...
Although the findings obtained with mammals are not necessarily transferable to invertebrates, this supposedly opposing effect of EPA and ARA is difficult to reconcile with the substitutability of EPA and ARA postulated here. In invertebrates, the role of eicosanoids is much less clear than in ...
Sponges are interesting animal models for regeneration studies, since even from dissociated cells, they are able to regenerate completely. In particular, explants are model systems that can be applied to many sponge species, since small fragments of spon