Fish are not a true monophyletic taxon: rather, the term "fish" includes members of at least five separate lineages that diverged early in vertebrate evolution. The fishes are extremely diverse both in numbers o
On the other hand, limitations arise from the almost unknown protein composition of extracellular fluids of most invertebrates, given the large diversity of phyla and species, as well as of adaptations to different environmental conditions. Different proteins may be involved in the formation of a sta...
adaptations include a relatively short ileum and femur in relation totibia, which reduces resistance to the forward movement of the limb in the highly viscous medium, and long manual and pedal phalanges for increased propulsion. Other morphological adaptations to aquatic life are related to the ...
Although developed to a lesser degree, aquatic adaptations are also found in other members of the spinosaurid clade15,16, which had a near-global distribution and a stratigraphic range of more than 50 million years14, pointing to a substantial invasion of aquatic environments by dinosaurs. This...
F., 2002. Evolutionary and physiological adaptations of aquatic invasive animals: r selection versus resistance. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59: 1235–1244. Google Scholar Michelan, T. S., S. M. Thomaz, R. P. Mormul & P. Carvalho, 2010. Effects of an exotic ...
What are the adaptations of fish in the dark zones of the ocean floor? (a) What are C3, CAM, and C4 plants? (b) How do these plants conserve water to prevent photorespiration? When fishes are kept in an aquarium containing water with no aquatic plants, they frequently come to the...
Another physical disturbance is ice. Far northern wetlands frequently freeze to the bottom, but resident invertebrates typically have life history adaptations allowing their survival. Streams less commonly freeze to the bottom, but whenever ice touches the bottom of a stream or wind-sweptlittoral zone...
Specific adaptations to the aquatic environment (e.g., respiratory mechanisms, swimming appendages) may also be useful to distinguish aquatic from nonaquatic species; however, such adaptations are not always identified nor are all adaptations consistently visible (Jäch and Li, 1998). Most aquatic ...
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a widespread, human-induced alteration of the landscape that affects insect dispersal and potentially contributes to in
Here, we found that most (90%) studied species occupancy probabilities decreased when summer drying increased, corroborating previous studies on fishes and amphibians (Ogston et al.2016; Walls et al.2013). This was notably the case for species from the three biological groups we studied. From ...