Antibiotic resistance genesAntibiotic resistant bacteriaConjugationNatural transformationTransductionBacterial antibiotic resistance in water environments is becoming increasingly severe, and new antibiotic res
Antibiotic resistance is a global health challenge, involving the transfer of bacteria and genes between humans, animals and the environment. Although multiple barriers restrict the flow of both bacteria and genes, pathogens recurrently acquire new resis
From a microbiological point of view, antibiotic resistance is defined as the ability of bacteria to stop the inhibitory (bacteriostatic) or killing (bactericidal) effects of antibiotics to which an organism was previously sensitive (Lee et al., 2009). ...
Antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry, and various types of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are frequently detected in livestock waste around the world. Conventional livestock waste treatment processes do not completely remove ARGs, resulting in their release to soil and water environments....
Therefore, in this review, we reveal the sensitive factors affecting the distribution and spread of antibiotic resistance through three aspects: the influencing factors of horizontal gene transfer, the host bacteria of resistance genes and the migration of antibiotic resistance between environmental media....
antibiotic resistance genesantibiotic resistant bacteriacausal inference theorycollider stratification biasenvironmental impact assessmentwastewater treatment plantSummary This chapter presents an overview of the basic principles involved in designing studies or monitoring programs that seek to assess the impact of ...
Antibiotic resistance is a great concern, which leads to global public health risks and ecological and environmental risks. The presence of antibiotic-resistant genes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment exacerbates the risk of spreading antibiotic resistance. Among them, horizontal gene tr...
Conversely, there is still a poor understanding of the environmental factors that may alleviate the spread of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance hotspots are found not only in medical settings but also in environmental compartments that are subjected to anthropogenic pressure, such as municipal ...
A literature search of the PubMed database was performed using the following search terms: quaternary ammonium compounds + disinfectants + tolerance; quaternary ammonium compounds + disinfectants + resistance; quaternary ammonium compounds + antiseptics + tolerance; quaternary amm...
The transfer of resistance factors to pathogens may occur directly or indirectly via environmental bacteria or commensals (Ashbolt et al., 2013). The second objective is to address the risk for accelerating the evolution of antibiotic resistance in pathogens through pollution with selective agents and...