Antibiotic prescribing amongst South African general practitioners in private practice: an analysis of a health insurance database. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2022;4(5). https://doi.org/10.1093/JACAMR/DLAC101. Fleming-Dutra KE, Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, et al. Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Pres...
Methods: the National Institute of Health Insurance (RIZIV/INAMI) collects data of antimicrobial utilization from hospital pharmacy records for more than 95% of the patients admitted to hospitals in Belgium. Data were analyzed per year, drug form, hospital and type of department. Drug expenditures...
Germany Changes in pharmaceutical legislation In effect since 2017 Ad hoc exception of antimicrobials from internal price reference groups Decided by reimbursement authority ad hoc taking into consideration resistance patterns Health Insurance Law In effect since 2020 Automatic exception of ‘reserve’ antibi...
EO was assessed utilising the 1st threshold for the sensitive attributes age (grouped into brackets based on the nearest decade), sex, race, insurance, language, and marital status. Threshold optimisation30 was then employed to see if the models fairness could be improved. Specifically, the post...
if antibiotic prescription were appropriate, one might expect use of antibiotics to be somewhat less sensitive to out-of-pocket price changes because antibiotics are for short-term use and to treat specific infections that could worsen fairly rapidly without adequate antimicrobial treatment. in other ...
However, only few studies reported the implementation and evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship programs in Gulf Cooperation Council. This study was conducted within 8-months periods to evaluate the effect of the newly implemented antibiotic stewardship program on improving the prescribing practice of ...
Dunn A, Liebman E, Pack S, Shapiro AH. Medical care price indexes for patients with employer-provided insurance: nationally representative estimates from MarketScan data.Health Serv Res. 2013;48(3):1173-1190. doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12008PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref ...
9,10 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the comparative safety and attributable health care expenditures associated with inappropriate outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for several common bacterial and viral infections, in a cohort of children with commercial insurance in the United States. ...
discovered that trust in AGP efficacy for growth promotion was far smaller than suggested by agro-industrial lobbyists and that farmers purchased AGPs—which had initially been licensed as subtherapeutic additives—as a cheap risk insurance against disease. He also found that American farmers’ ...
The National Health Insurance Database (NHID) served as the foundation for a retrospective cohort study, focused on the identification of stroke patients admitted for care and aged over 65. The discharge date was, by definition, the index date. The NHID was utilized to ascertain the incidence...