Models include gnotobiotic piglets, primates, cats, dogs, ferrets and a range of rodents. Recent advances in the mouse models mean that they will allow us to dissect bacterial host interactions in a novel manner due to the availability of a wide range of immunological reagents and numerous ...
On the one hand, genetic vari‑ ation among animals affords an opportunity to model specific aspects of host–pathogen interactions, such as the role of protective MHC class I alleles in controlling viral infection. On the other hand, this genetic diversity can greatly complicate studies using ...
Although microbial ecology measurements capture considerable diversity of the communities between individuals, this diversity is highly problematic for reproducible experimental animal models that seek to establish the mechanistic basis for interactions within the overall host-microbial superorganism. Conflicting ...
Both animal and cell culture models are essential for studying pathogenesis, thus one must be familiar with those models and their applications. To study bacterium and host interactions, it is important to use the strain that cause the disease because of the clonal nature of the pathogens. ...
The morbidity and mortality associated with systemic fungal infections in humans cannot be underestimated. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become p
For many other animal species, full genome sequencing has recently increased the information available for analysis of the host response to virus infection. Also, the use of certain selected species has increased in use in recent years due to their fit as models for particular infections. For ...
Cells obtained from cell culture can be studied as a model system for studies related to cell biology, host-pathogen interactions, effects of drugs, and effects due to changes in the cell composition. e. Cancer Research Animal cell culture can be used to study the differences in cancer cells...
models to study interactions between the host, pathogens andintestinal microflora. We review the available cell lines and models of the intestine and their potential uses. Tumor derived cell lines such as Caco-2, T84 and HT-29 are widely used despite many drawbacks, which are discussed with ...
Much of medical research relies on animal models to deepen knowledge of the causes of animal and human diseases, as well as to enable the development of innovative therapies. Despite rodents being the most widely used research model worldwide, in recent
various animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as nonhuman primates (NHPs), ferrets, hamsters, and many different mouse models, have been developed. Each model possesses distinctive features and applications. In this review, we elucidate the immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection...