This paper discusses evidence for plant/animal relationships in the Upper Carboniferous. Close interactions are examined from the study of fossil plants and animals preserved in coal swamp and coastal plain environments. Evidence for plant/animal interactions is in the form of: (1) animal morphology...
Considerable research has examined the influence of herbivores on the maintenance of plant diversity, but fewer studies have examined the reciprocal effect of plant diversity on the animals that use the plant community for food and shelter, particularly in marine systems. Several mechanisms could underl...
Aspects of Soil, Plant and Animal RelationshipsNo Abstract available for this article.doi:10.1038/2071069a0NoneNature Publishing Group UKNature
Plant interactions with mutualists and antagonists vary remarkably across space, and have played key roles in the ecology and evolution of flowering plants. One dominant form of spatial variation is human modification of the landscape, including urbanization and suburbanization. Our goal was to assess ...
plant resource access is a prerequisite for positive diversity-productivity relationships, but causes exploitative competition that can lead to competitive exclusion. Space-use of herbivores causes apparent competition among plants, resulting in negative relationships. However, space-use of larger top ...
Relationships between rust resistance genes at the M locus in flax. Mol. Plant Pathol. 11, 19–32 (2010). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Bhullar, N.K., Zhang, Z., Wicker, T. & Keller, B. Wheat gene bank accessions as a source of new alleles of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm3...
Endemic amphibian richness was highest at 1000-1500 m elevation and concentrated in the southern half of the study area. Geographical distribution of plant endemism was highly taxon-dependent. Irreplaceable areas, defined as locations with the highest number of species with narrow ranges, overlapped ...
considered as disconnected phenomena, so that the common problems are not dealt with from a similar point of view. This leads to further problems of standardization of terminology, for example the definition of “symbiont”, “parasite”, as well as their cell-to-cell relationships in geometrical...
Plant-herbivore relationships (in which an animal feeds on whole plants or parts of them) are examples of exploitation, because one species benefits from the interaction while the other suffers. Plant-pollinator and plant-seed disperser relationships (in which animals disperse pollen or seeds, ...
All living organisms are made up of cells, and plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are complex in structure, with a membrane-bound nucleus and many functioning organelles that undergo specific jobs for the cell....