have been substantially altered during their adaptation to the human niche. Recent methodological innovations, such as improved ancient DNA extraction methods and next-generation sequencing, have enabled the sequencing of whole ancient genomes. These genomes have helped reconstruct the process by which an...
Anesthesia and analgesia (A&A) are the main components of many procedures on laboratory animals. However, studies suggest that a considerable number of researches are based on improper use or reporting of A&A methods [1,2]. In a study on 400 articles that included surgical models in mouse ...
The animal model deals with the species other than the human, as it can imitate the disease progression, its’ diagnosis as well as a treatment similar to human. Discovery of a drug and/or component, equipment, their toxicological studies, dose, side eff
studies suggest that a considerable number of researches are based on improper use or reporting of A&A methods [1,2]. In a study on 400 articles that included surgical models in mouse and other species, the authors concluded that the animal A&A are not reliably presented...
Complex systems exhibit self-organization, which allows adaptation to the environment [85,104–106]. The intact cell is a prime example of this property. 9. Complex systems are dependent on initial conditions. The well-known example of the butterfly flapping its wings and causing a weather cata...
These stages reflect gradual adaptation of the brain to drug exposure, and rely on distinct mechanisms. The intoxication stage, mostly driven by acute reward, notably associates with dopamine release, in the striatum and frontal cortex, by neurons located in the VTA. The second stage corresponds ...
One intrinsic complication of standardised and open software lies in the differences in development, maintenance, update and adaptation to novel computing infrastructure. Depending on requirements and preference, users may deploy new methods specific to particular working environments and operating systems tha...
Home > Section > Chapter Zlotkin, E. Experientia 29(12): 1453-1466 1973 ISSN/ISBN:0014-4754 4365264 10.1007/bf01943859 000040680 Article emailed within 0-6 h Buy Now for$19.90 Payments are secure & encrypted Abstract
Improper disposal of animal waste is responsible for several environmental problems, causing eutrophication of lakes and rivers, nutrient overload in the soil, and the spread of pathogenic organisms. Despite the potential to cause adverse ecological damage, animal waste can be a valuable source of re...
Complex systems exhibit self-organization, which allows adaptation to the environment [85,104–106]. The intact cell is a prime example of this property. 9. Complex systems are dependent on initial conditions. The well-known example of the butterfly flapping its wings and causing a weather cata...