Persia restored its power over the cities of Asia Minor, alliances were prohibited between the cities of Greece, and surveillance and control over the Greek cities was entrusted to Sparta. Spartan policy was expressed in violations of the autonomy of states, in the punishing of democrats, and ...
rival of the chief rebels,ChiosandMiletus. Ephesus maintained friendly relations with Persia for about 50 years: in 478Xerxes, returning from his failure in Greece, honouredArtemisof Ephesus, although he sacked other Ionian shrines, and left his children for safety in Ephesus, andThemistocles...
Persia restored its power over the cities of Asia Minor, alliances were prohibited between the cities of Greece, and surveillance and control over the Greek cities was entrusted to Sparta. Spartan policy was expressed in violations of the autonomy of states, in the punishing of democrats, and ...
s overall goal was general acquiescence and cooperation in the war against Persia, which was now a certainty. In fact, he wanted an alliance, and without doubt the arrangements of 337 secured one. To this end most of the great federations of Greece were left intact; only Athens’s naval ...
(Plutarch,Description of Greece, 1.19) In the 5th century C.E. the temple was converted into a Christian basilica. Centuries later, it was destroyed by the Turkish invaders for building materials. Today, on the edge of the neighbourhood of Pangrati, the temple remains are scant and in sad...
The ancient Persian empires are denoted as despotic, practicing arbitrary rule while Greece, Persia's archrival during the sixth to fourth century BC, exercised rule of law. This paper uses a contract theory framework to analyze some of the geographical and environmental underpinnings of the ...
The Greeks fought with great skill and vision and were able to sink 300 Persian vessels, losing only about 40 of their own. Even after defeat, the Persian side was still strong and powerful, and in spite of losing the battle, many areas of Greece remained in Persian hands. Even their la...
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Greece and Italy. Models of history associate the Helen gene with Greeks (often called Hellenes), Italians, Turks, Sephardic Jews, certain North Africans, Celtic migrations, the Rom (Gypsy) people and modern-day Melungeons. For unknown reasons, it makes a modest appearance in India but is ...
Xenophon was a Greek historian and philosopher whose numerous surviving works are valuable for their depiction of late Classical Greece. His Anabasis (“Upcountry March”) in particular was highly regarded in antiquity and had a strong influence on Latin