The most violent and catastrophic volcanic eruptions on Earth have been triggered by the refilling of a felsic volcanic magma chamber by a hotter more mafic magma. Examples include Vesuvius 79 AD,...doi:10.1007/11157_2017_30Daniele Morgavi...
When an explosive eruption occurs, the ejecta is spread by the force of the blast and by the wind. It is typically thickest near the source and decreases in thickness with distance. With present-day eruptions, observers can compile ash thickness reports from many different locations and create ...
Located near Naples, Italy, Vesuvius last had a violent eruption in 1944, towards the end of the Second World War. It could be a few hundred years before another dangerous, explosive eruption occurs, finds a new study by volcano experts at ETH Zurich. Vesuvius is one of Europe’s most da...
Some styles of harmonic tremor, which sometimes occurs during eruptive stages, seem to indicate the preeruptive state of magma held in vertically oriented cylindrical conduits. Ground deformation associated with tumescence prior to eruption consistently indicates through elastic modeling a local, near-...
whereas an increasing extrusion rate may precede a shift toward more explosive and dangerous eruption style, a prolonged decreasing extrusion rate is often observed as volcanic eruptions expire.Magmaextrusion rate measurements during explosive volcanic eruptions have also been utilized to constrain syneruptiv...
The higher rate of magma replenishment since 2011 resulted in the eruption of the most mafic lava in the last 500-600 years. Eruptive fissures at the volcano summit produced pyroclastic ash that was deposited over an area of at least 8 km. A systematic spatial distribution of compositions is ...
| 跃动火花与炽热余烬的完美交织,展现出能量迸发的视觉震撼。温暖色调与灼热氛围的精妙呈现,营造出充满活力的火焰艺术。固定格式:主Prompt命令:An Ember Spark Symphony depiction of [SUBJECT], where fiery sparks and glowing embers dance around. Utilize the warm, intense hues of [COLOR1] and [COLOR2] to...
inelastic deformation imparted on magma that does not reside in the indefinitely deformable liquid phase when approaching eruption. The susceptibility of plagioclase to crystal plasticity is of particular relevance to the study of silicic volcanoes, where the mineralogy is commonly dominated by this phase...
For example, rapidly erupted lava flows from the largest nonexplosive eruption in history – the 1783 Lakagígar (Laki) fissure eruption in Iceland – covered more than 500 km2. However, much larger eruptions in the geologic past, with eruption rates on the order of 106 m3 s− 1, ...
In the case of the Snake River Plain, the moving tectonic plate is the North American (continental) plate. Those who live in Hawaii know that volcanic eruptions associated with the Hawaiian hot spot are not especially explosive. Basaltic magma generated in the mantle can easily penetrate the ...