Reproductive structures of some glossopterids consist of an appendage adnate to the leaf base. This appendage, termed a “capitulum,” is often interpreted as a megaphyll partially enclosing ovules on the lower surface (Figure 6.18E). The ovules are orthotropous (Figure 6.18F) and unitegmic...
For example, Carboniferous swamp plants often occur in peat deposits, and the chemistry in the swamp may have discouraged extensive fungal activity. Nevertheless, despite all of these limitations, the literature on fossil fungi and their biotic and abiotic interactions is rapidly increasing. As might...
Phosphorylation changes of MAPK cascades in plant cold resistance have been well reported, par- ticularly in model plants. For example, the MKK2 pathway was found to mediate cold and salt stress signaling in Arabidopsis18, phosphorylation of Arabidopsis thaliana MEKK1 via Ca2+ signaling is a ...
Phosphorylation on S37 of KCA2 however, was significantly decreased in Dajiao under cold stress, while no change remained in Cavendish Banana. KCA2 was reported to play critical roles in mitosis, morphogenesis, signal transduction, and regulating gibberellin biosynthesis and cell growth by ...
A blend refers to the combination of two or more components to achieve properties that are superior to those found in the individual products used for their production. Gracilaria birdiae agaran (SPGb) and chromium picolinate (ChrPic) are both antioxidant agents. However, there is no documentati...
For example, the primary supplier of GYM-A-certified reference material, the National Research Council Canada, also purified this toxin from the cultures of K. selliformis in the laboratory. However, the GYM production of individual cells of K. selliformis was relatively low, resulting in only...
Peroxisomes are key metabolic organelles, which contribute to cellular lipid metabolism, e.g. the β-oxidation of fatty acids and the synthesis of myel
Individual labeled diagrams due at the end of lab. Feb. 10/13 Lab 7 Diversity of Photosynthetic Organisms Observation of marine and fresh water algae Identification of lichens Study of leaf tissue cells Quiz next week. Feb. 17 President’s Day Feb. 20 Lab 5 The Cell Cycle: ...
A wealth of studies has elucidated the molecular basis of signaling mechanisms leading to stomatal opening and closure2,3. In addition to stomatal movement, stomatal development is also influenced by environmental conditions and in turn impacts plants’ water-use efficiency4,5. During leaf development...
Replication of DNA in the absence of mitosis, leading to high ploidy levels. Common in plants, where endoreduplication seems to be associated with increased cell size. endorepellin An anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour peptide (705aa) cleaved from perlecan that inhibits endothelial cell migration, co...