Basic dye possesses no affinity forcelluloseand pre-mordanting of the latter is essential to develop affinity for dye.Tannic acidacts as a mordant in dyeing cotton with basic dye using its –OH group to make H-bond with cellulose while –COOH group react with basic dye, shown inFig. 17.1...
The pH can be calculated using Ka, the initial concentration of the acid, and its degree of dissociation. Given thatcα=[H3O+],pH=pKa−log1−ααorpH=pKa+logα1−α Using the above expression, for an initial concentration (c) of acid, it is possible to calculate the proportion of...
(pKa). The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid into its conjugate base and hydrogen ion, expressed as the negative logarithm. The lower the pKa of a sulphydryl group, the greater the likelihood that the sulphur will be anionic at ambient pH. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD...
Now the negative charge on the conjugate base can be spread out overtwooxygens (in addition to three aromatic carbons). The phenol acid therefore has a pKasimilar to that of a carboxylic acid, where the negative charge on the conjugate base is also delocalized to two oxygen atoms. The keto...
, the transition from aerobic to micro-aerobic/anaerobic conditions has a strong impact on organic acid production, where cell growth is arrested under oxygen deprivation, but cells retain the ability to metabolize sugars to organic acids [46,47]. This shift allows the bacterium to adjust its ...
miniaturized platform to enable new ways of proteomic research at the single-cell level. Methods Materials and reagents Triethylammonium bicarbonate (TEABC), TCEP, CAA, chlorotrimethylsilane, hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO,...
for 1h at room temperature. Cells were then stimulated with rFSH (200 mIU/ml) for 20 min and subsequently lysed. Cell lysates were used to calculate cAMP values (see Figure1A for principle of cAMP ELISA kit). Total protein from cell lysates was calculated using Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) pro...
Artemisinin can be semi-synthesized from its precursor artemisinic acid, which can be synthesized from simple sugars using microorganisms genetically engineered with genes from A. annua. In order to develop an industrially competent yeast strain, detailed analyses of microbial physiology and development ...
THE DETERMINATION OF THE pKa OF A WEAK ACID AND ITS CONTENT IN AN UNKNOWN - Modern Experimental Chemistry - 6ELSEVIERModern Experimental Chemistry
Extraction from protein hydrolysates An amino acid can be separated from the others present in the protein-hydrolysates if its properties are different from the others • Large scale industrial production (Ikeda, 2003) • Can use industrial by-products or waste (Hauer et al., 2004) • Comm...