Work in animals and studies of clinical populations suggest a role for amygdalar dysfunction inanxiety disorders, addiction, and complex neuropsychiatric disorders such asautism, where clinical features include social, cognitive, and affective components. As research on the amygdala and related structures ...
Individuals with autism consistently demonstrate dysregulation of amygdala function. Diverse regions of the amygdala, which contain neuropeptides, figure in the appraisal systems that underlie behavioral approach and avoidance responses. One neuropeptide linked to social recognition and approach behaviors is ...
Studies of fear in autism might be an indirect method to test predictions from the amygdala theory. Finally, future research will need to specify in greater detail, which of the 13 nuclei in the amygdala are intact in autism, and which are impaired...
The amygdala is a region of the brain known to be important for responses to threatening situations and learning about threats. Alterations in the amygdala have been reported in psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders like PTSD, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. However, ...
Amygdalameans ‘Almond’ in Greek and is a good example of how anatomists described things before there was knowledge of the function of the area. Theamygdalais involved with emotions, and plays a role in classical conditioning (Janak & Tye, 2015) as well as modulatingdeclarative memory(Milner...
This brain region is frequently connected with autism, and many people with ASD have amygdala abnormalities including "overgrowth" during the first months of life. Because the amygdala is linked to emotion processing as well as facial and emotional recognition, researchers believe that the more ...
Studies of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have revealed a strong multigenic basis with the identification of hundreds of ASD susceptibility genes. ASD is characterized by social deficits and a range of other phenotypes, implicating complex genetics and involvement of a variety of brain...
Molecular Autism (2017) 8:42 Page 9 of 17 (See figure on previous page.) Fig. 2 VPA disrupts cellular growth, neural development, and immune function in amygdala gene pathways from P10 to 21. Heat maps of median normalized gene expression in saline (a) and VPA (b) animals from P10 ...
Atypical responses to fearful stimuli and the presence of various forms of anxiety are commonly seen in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The fear potentiated startle paradigm (FPS), which has been studied both in relation to anxiety and as a probe for amygdala function, was carried...
communicating with each other, that is, the ‘second-order connectivity that defines complex functional networks. With respect to the amygdala, alterations in such network-level function are thought to be a hallmark of psychiatric illness, including autism42,43, anxiety disorders12,44, depression44,...