In this paper, we re-evaluate the estimates of dust mass in galaxies and demonstrate that current dust models are incomplete and based on a priori assumptions. These models suffer from a circularity problem and account for only a small portion of dust, specifically submicron-sized grains. They ...
To overcome this difficulty, the team was forced to use an indirect tracer of cluster mass. They relied upon the fact that more massive clusters contain more galaxies than less massive clusters (mass richness relation: MRR). Because galaxies consist of luminous stars, the numb...
aBut scientists have discovered many other galaxies in the universe. They are a long way away and their light has travelled for many years to reach us. it is hard to understand how large the universe is. 但科学家在宇宙发现了许多其他星系。 他们是长的路,并且他们的光移动许多年到达我们。 了...
aThis is not the case in America,of course,and the difference can be very striking. 这不是实际情形在美国,当然和区别可以是非常醒目的。 [translate] awho has looked afteryou all these years? 谁看了afteryou所有这些岁月? [translate] aThe universe, the galaxies and Mars 宇宙、星系和火星 [...
Point-of-use filters are typically made of a block of activated carbon that appears solid, almost like a lump of coal. Thewater filtersthrough tiny pores in the carbon; the carbon binds to the lead, trapping it before the water flows out of the faucet. ...
the bacteria were subjected. It was also found that the mutations in the bacterial DNA that cause resistance are of a different type than if they have been exposed to high doses. During the experiment, the bacteria eventually acquired several mutations. Each of these yielded low resistance, ...
It has been hypothesized that much of the matter in the universe is "dark," i. e. , unseen . Studies have shown that galaxies in many galaxy clusters are moving faster with respect to one another than they would if visible stars constituted all their mass. The studies suggest that the ...
Hubble might be nearing the eventual end of its lifespan, but it’s still capable of some truly incredible feats. A new image stitched together from several Hubble snapshots has given astronomers a breathtaking glimpse at a distant collection of galaxies called the Coma cluster, and boy is ...
Much like detectives study fingerprints to identify the culprit, scientists used NASA's Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes to find the "fingerprints" of water in the atmosphere of a hot, bloated, Saturn-mass exoplanet some 700 light-years away. And, the
In order for the scattered light to stay confined, the wavelength of light in the meta-atom's core must have a very specific value. As the scientists explain, the trick to letting the incoming light enter the meta-atom but not escape afterwards relies on a nonlinear effect that enables squ...