Aminotransferases are enzymes found in living organisms that catalyze transfer reactions between amino acids and keto acids, crucial for amino acid metabolism and synthesis. Aminotransferase classes I and II play a vital role in regulating osmolarity, protecting cells, and improving me...
Aminotransferases are enzymes found in living organisms that catalyze transfer reactions between amino acids and keto acids, crucial for amino acid metabolism and synthesis. Aminotransferase classes I and II play a vital role in regulating osmolarity, protecting cells, and improving metabolic homeostasis ...
Thirty two thermophilic amino acid aminotransferases (AATs) were expressed in Escherichia coli as soluble and active proteins. Based on their primary structures, the 32 AATs were divided into four phylogenetic groups (classes I, II, IV, and V). The substrate specificities of these AATs were ...
Aminotransferases are enzymes found in living organisms that catalyze transfer reactions between amino acids and keto acids, crucial for amino acid metabolism and synthesis. Aminotransferase classes I and II play a vital role in regulating osmolarity, protecting cells, and improving metabolic homeostasis ...
Interestingly, promiscuous class I and II ATs could hypothetically catalyze all transamination reactions for AT-dependent GCA phase amino acids (see “Evolution of four classes of AT enzymes” section) and could be the first ATs to emerge (Fig. 2). Hydrophobic amino acids—leucine, isoleucine, ...
It is the target for three important herbicide classes (imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, and trazolopyrimidines), and AHAS mutants have been identified in plants with decreased sensitivity to each of these herbicides as the result of altered amino acid sequences (Singh and Shaner, 1995). Similarly,...
There are two broad classes of receptor in the GABA system, GABAA and GABAB. GABAA receptors are ionotropic and selectively gate chloride ions to hyperpolarize the neuron. GABAB receptors are metabotropic and G-protein linked. GABAA receptors are composed of five subunits, of which there is ...
In the case of glutamate synthase, the small subunit provides electrons to the large subunit, which binds l-glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate and forms l-glutamate. There appear to be three classes of GOGAT based on the source of the electron donor used for the conversion of glutamine and α-...
Enzymes recognize specific substrates or classes of substrates. A very specific enzyme is glutamate dehydrogenase, which acts on glutamate, with little or no activity occurring with other amino acid substrates (Struck and Sizer, 1960). The fact that BCAA aminotransferase recognizes a particular ...