(aminoacyl-adenylate) on theenzymethrough thehydrolysisof adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The second step is the transfer of the activated amino acid residue from the adenylate to a tRNA in a reaction referred to as “charging”. Editing can occur in either of these two reactions (Linget al.,...
Inducible orthogonal aminoacylation demonstrates that charging is required for mitochondrial tRNA import inRNA transportMolecular biologyRNA metabolismOrthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs have emerged as powerful means of site-specifically introducing non-standard amino acids into proteins. Using amino...
3.2 tRNA mischarging Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) are a set of enzymes that bridge the interface between nucleic acids and proteins, playing an indispensable role in functionalizing the amino acid and tRNA pools for protein translation. AaRSs rely on substrate specificity and editing capability ...
Combination of AlaRS-α and AlaRS-β showed a strong alanylation activity specific to a single G3:U70 base pair, known to mark a specific tRNA for charging with alanine. However, AlaRS-α alone had a weak but appreciable alanylation activity that was independent of the G3:U70 base ...
the ribozymes are modified incisat an internal site when reacting with BYO69, which differs from the charging intransof tRNA at the 3’ end. Nevertheless, while the self-aminoacylating ribozymes studied here are a model system, and do not directly mimic a precursor genetic code, these result...
The mischarging GlnRS mutants obtained in this way retain the ability to charge tRNAGln, but in addition, they misacylate a number of noncognate amber suppressor tRNAs. The critical residues responsible for specificity are Arg-130 and Glu-131, located in a part of GlnRS that binds the ...
Aminoacylation of tRNA generates an aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) that is active for protein synthesis on the ribosome. Quantification of aminoacylation of tRNA is critical to understand the mechanism of specificity and the flux of the aa-tRNA into the protei
the ribozymes are modified incisat an internal site when reacting with BYO69, which differs from the charging intransof tRNA at the 3’ end. Nevertheless, while the self-aminoacylating ribozymes studied here are a model system, and do not directly mimic a precursor genetic code, these result...
Fidelity of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) charging by amino acids ensures correct translation of the genetic code into proteins. Charging is catalysed by a set of enzymes known as aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Owing to the degeneracy of the genetic code, some of the different tRNAs have the ...
AminoacylationMistranslationMicroarrayThe fidelity of tRNA aminoacylation is a critical determinant for the ultimate accuracy of protein synthesis. Although aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are assumed to consistently maintain high tRNA charging fidelity, recent evidence has demonstrated that the fidelity of the ...