The Al content, amount of protons released, and H^+-ATPase activity were significantly higher in roots treated with Al than in those untreated. The results of the cation-anion balance in roots showed an excess of cations relative to anions, with the amount of excess cation uptake increasing ...
Proton amelioration of Al toxicity is expected to be less relevant for plants grown in acid soils because high concentrations of protons enhance the release of Al3+ from the solid phase and can reduce Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake. Nitrification contributes to soil acidification (Han et al., 2015; ...
Aluminum's sheer bulk — some 8 percent of the Earth's crust by weight, according to theUniversity of Wisconsin— makes it easy to take this metal for granted. But aluminum is lightweight (a third the weight of steel or copper, according to theU.S. Geological Survey) and easy to mold...
–Number of protons13 Radius of atom –Atomic radius1.84 Å[1] –Covalent radius1.24 Å[1] Electronegativity1.61[1] Ion charge+1[3] Ionization energy[1] (kJmol-1) 1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th 577.5391816.6792744.78111577.46914841.85718379.4923326.3 ...
Aluminum drastically increased the amount of protons released per unit of root surface area, especially with the NB9040 line. This shift in proton flux density was partly the result of a decrease of the specific root surface area and partly due to enhanced excess of catlonic nutrients taken up...
Aluminumis a highly reactive metal that forms a strong chemical bond with oxygen. Aluminum cannot be produced by the electrolysis of an aluminum salt dissolved in water because of the high reactivity of aluminum with the protons of water and the subsequent formation ofhydrogen gas. As in aqueous...
Al-26 is produced from argon in the atmosphere by spallation caused by cosmic-ray protons. Aluminium isotopes have found practical application in dating marine sediments, manganese nodules, glacial ice, quartz in rock exposures, and meteorites. The ratio of Al-26 to beryllium-10 has been used ...
Melting point: 660°C (1220°F). Boiling point: 2467°C (4473°F). Atomic number: 13 (one aluminum atom contains 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons). Relative atomic mass: 26.98.
When the emission produces a change in the number of protons, the atom is no longer the same element. The particles and energy emitted from the nucleus are called radiation. The process of decaying from one element into another is known as radioactive decay. No radioactive isotope of ...
The coupling constant ranges for several pairs of nuclei involving 27Al are gathered in Table 3. Scalar couplings across up to three bonds have been measured and the only examples known are with protons. 2J couplings were observed with 1H, 11B, 13C, 29Si, and 31P nuclei. Other nuclei ...