Keywords: Togaviridae; alphavirus; category B agent; Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus; EEEV; Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; VEEV; Western equine encephalomyelitis virus; WEEV; encephalitisdoi:10.1002/0471686786.ebd0047.pub2Stephen S. Morse...
Three alphaviruses, Semliki Forest virus (SFV) (Liljestrom and Garoff, 1991), Sindbis virus (SIN) (Xiong et al., 1989), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) (Davis et al., 1989), have been engineered to serve as useful expression vectors (Lundstrom, 2002; Lundstrom, 2003). ...
Keywords: Togaviridae; alphavirus; category B agent; Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus; EEEV; Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; VEEV; Western equine encephalomyelitis virus; WEEV; encephalitis 展开 关键词: Togaviridae alphavirus category B agent Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus EEEV Venezuelan ...
Semliki Forest virus (SFV), Eastern, Western and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (EEEV, WEEV, VEEV), Chikungunya virus, Ross River virus (RRV), Middelburg virus (MIDV), Seal louse virus (SESV) and Sleeping disease virus (SDV
Author summary The Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex comprises a broadly distributed group of alphaviruses in the Americas that have the potential to emerge and cause severe disease. Historically, VEE complex viruses have caused recurring outbreaks of human and equine encephalitis in Central ...
(WEEV), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), are naturally found in North and South America, and induce encephalomyelitis in humans. However, it is important to note that atypical disease manifestations are sometimes reported, such as encephalitis in individuals infected with CHIKV or ...
Encephalitic viruses in the Family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus are zoonotic pathogens that are transmitted via hematophagous arthropods and have a widespread distribution in North, Central and South America and include Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV...
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Western equine encephalitis virus 1. Introduction Alphaviruses are mosquito-borne pathogens that cause morbidity and mortality in humans and other vertebrates. Geographically, alphaviruses are divided into New World alphaviruses (NWAs) and Old World alphaviruses (OWAs)...
Alphavirus-based vectors have been engineered from Semliki Forest virus, Sindbis virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and applied for vaccine development. Immunization in preclinical animal models has been conducted with naked RNA replicons, recombinant viral particles and layered DNA–RNA vecto...
Alphaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that contain several human pathogens. Due to intrinsic heterogeneity of alphavirus particles, a high resolution structure of the virion is currently lacking. Here we provide a 3.5 Å cryo-EM structure of Sindbi