When both alleles are the same the individual is described as being a HOMOZYGOTE; when each allele is different the individual is a HETEROZYGOTE. The number of allelic forms of a gene can be many (MULTIPLE ALLELISM), each form having a slightly different sequence of DNA bases but with the ...
Furthermore, the allele common to the pollen grain and female parent may be either INCOMPATIBILITY IN DIPLOID POLLEN 99 in single dose in the female as in the case of S4, or in double dose as in the case of S2. To denote these differences, pollen grains are represented as Sx.y when ...
The highly polymorphic HRAS1 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), which maps 1 kb downstream from the human H-ras1 gene, has been described as an inherited predisposing factor in many human cancers. Here, we investigated the association between the presence of rare HRAS1 minisatellite alle...
HLA-E may act as a sentinel of the cell; if classical class I and HLA-G are being expressed, HLA-E molecules may reach the cell surface and inhibit the lysis by NK cells. Most findings are consistent with the hypothesis that HLA-E and -G proteins may be tolerogenic molecules at ...
As this conclusion has major implications we sought to investigate whether this association could be confirmed in patients with myelodysplasia, a common haematological malignancy reported to have the highest frequency of rare alleles 7 . The Ha- ras alleles were characterized in normal healthy ...
Minor alleles are more likely to be risk alleles in the published GWASs on complex diseases. One reason is that minor alleles are more easily detected as risk alleles in GWASs. Even when correcting for the GWAS’s power imbalance, minor alleles are more likely to be risk alleles, especially...
Crossbred animals had always phenotypes and genotypes, whereas the availability of summary statistics or actual data for the pure breeds varied as described earlier. When only the data from crossbred animals (a) are available, model (2) can be written as ya ¼ 1μJ þ XabJ þ Mβ ...
be found because there are no loci with an assigned allele at the beginning of the chromosome, the alleles are assigned in the same way as for the allele atzv, ifzvis less thanWL*0.8 markers, i.e. if it has the same length as the shortest window considered in step (1). In the ...
6). Strikingly, most of the clones with an extreme bias in the expression of IgMa or IgMb could be explained as a consequence of rearrangement dead ends, that is, those that permanently prevent one allele to be productively expressed at the membrane, giving the other the chance to undergo...
aMelanin contents were spectrometrically determined as described previously (Choi et al., 2007) except for the following modifications:five zebrafish larvae, at 72 hpf, were used per measurement, and pellets were dissolved in 0.2 ml of 1 N NaOH. Measurements were made in polystyrene 96-well fla...