Ventricular function can be analyzed from measures of the ejecting phase of contraction (e.g. velocity and extent of wall shortening) in terms of the appropriateness of the matching between afterload and the level of inotropic state, as modulated by the preload. In the normal heart, under contr...
When it reaches this pressure, the aortic valve opens and the heart ejects blood into the aorta. Thus, if the afterload is kept constant while the preload increases, the stroke volume increases. If the afterload (diastolic arterial pressure) is also elevated while the preload is kept constant,...
Preload reductions, afterload increases and preload reductions while the afterload level was increased were performed. The ESPVR was described either by a linear or a bilinear regression through the end-systolic pressure volume (ES-PV) points. Increases in afterload caused a biphasic course of the ...