1.affect 和effect作为动词时的意思差异就很大。也许能够轻松区分这两个英语单词用法的方法是将affect理解为可以产生部分结果; 将effect理解为要取得圆满成绩。-The cost of the farm program affects all our pocketbooks.（投资农场计划让我们生活拮据）-Arbitration was necessary to effect a settlement of the stri...
3. Increased bacterial growth rate was one major effect of the rise in pond temperature. 池塘温度升高的一个重要影响就是会导致细菌增长率提高。 (二) Affect Affect和effect一样,也是一个general word,因为它的意思就是to produce an effect on (someone or something). 所以两者经常可以相互替换,例如The ...
The word affect can also function as a noun, though that use is usually limited to psychology. Effect is a noun and means “the result” or “consequence.” The top definition of effect in Merriam-Webster is “something that inevitably follows an antecedent (such as a cause or agent)....
Canadamishra@edwards.usask.caAbstractWeexaminetheeffectofcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)onthecostofequitycapitalforalargesampleofU.S.firms.Usingseveralapproachestoestimatefirms’exantecostofequity,wefindthatfirmswithbetterCSRscoresexhibitcheaperequityfinancing.Inparticular,ourfindingssuggestthatinvestmentinimproving...
Moreover, if one wants to stress that CH4only has little effect on warming in the long term, a longer perspective or end-point temperature might be appropriate. The GWP* method13,14stresses that the short-term effect of CH4is four times higher than in the conventional GWP100method, but ...
In terms of heterogeneity, there is evidence that the enhancement effect of ESG on firm value for state-owned companies is stronger than that for non-state-owned companies. Besides, the enhancement effect is significant for the non-key pollution-monitored firms but insignificant for the key ...
If that were the case, the effect of dominant ants should be observed at the individual-level by decreasing the productivity, size and/or fitness of colonies of non-dominant ants [26,31]. However, whether the negative effect of dominant species on colony success of non-dominant ants is the...
This creates a ripple effect of increased spending throughout the economy. How Business Spending Changes Businesses and farmers also benefit from lower interest rates. It encourages them to make large equipment purchases or even expand into new areas due to the low cost of borrowing. Overall, ...
Working Longer: The Solution to the Retirement Income Challenge The previous chapter explores the extent to which men are likely to remain in the labor force longer and thereby offset the effect of the contracting retirement income system. On the one hand, elimination of incentives for early retir...
One way governments and businesses raise money is through the sale of bonds. As interest rates rise, the cost of borrowing becomes more expensive for them, resulting in higher-yielding debt issuances. Simultaneously, market demand for existing, lower-coupon bonds will fall (causing their prices to...