xenobiotic interacts with an initial key target (the MIE) in a target cell population, which leads to a series of subsequent biological events in the same or other cell populations that ultimately result in the
effect is a summation of the effects from the individual drugs, whereas synergism occurs when the overall pharmacological effect ofthe combination is greater than additive, and antagonism occurs when the drug combination effect is less than the additive effect[69]. For example,thiazide diureticssuch...
(such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, and opioid pain relievers (such as codeine).Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients ...
adverse and secondary effects, idiosyncratic reactions, drug intolerance and allergic reactions. Reports of severe ADRs in anaesthesia appear to be increasing. This has been attributed to the use of a greater number of drugs during
and hypertension; therapy can produce a clinically significant cardiovascular effect in some patients as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure, and/or symptoms; although such effects are uncommon after administration of salmeterol at recommended doses, if they occur, the drug may need to be discont...
She was briefly started as an outpatient on a series of medications, including clonazepam, alprazolam, eszopiclone, daridorexant, mirtazapine, zolpidem, and escitalopram, but reported lack of efficacy and concern about side effects. She ultimately self-discontinued all of them after brief trials. ...
She was briefly started as an outpatient on a series of medications, including clonazepam, alprazolam, eszopiclone, daridorexant, mirtazapine, zolpidem, and escitalopram, but reported lack of efficacy and concern about side effects. She ultimately self-discontinued all of them after brief trials. ...
ranging from frequencies of 0.05% of doses administered (lorazepam) to none (chlorazepate). The median frequency of reported adverse reactions was 0.01%, or 1 in 10,000 doses. The vast majority of reactions could be viewed as extensions of the therapeutic effect, were considered mild, and ...
adverse drug reactions associated with diazepam and alprazolam? *Drowsiness, slurred speech *Impaired recall of events *Paradoxical reaction (confusion, anxiety) *Hypotension, tachycardia, respiratory depression *Tolerance and physical dependence (especially with alprazolam) ...
Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology Mechanism of Action Phenothiazine derivative with antidopaminergic effect: Blocker of mesolimbic dopamine receptors and alpha-...