(EMT) when coupled with paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles [15,16]. CXCR4 further plays a role in cisplatin-resistance inducing let-7a, which suppresses the pro-apoptotic BCL-XL/S [17]. CXCL12 is present in 95% of ovarian cancer ascites, while CXCR4 is ...
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are an assorted group of molecules formed through covalent bonds between a reduced sugar and a free amino group of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Glycation alters their structure and function, leading to impaired cell function. They can be originated by...
TGF-β stimulates an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) within mammary cells, leading to an exhibition of tumor-like properties. It is possible to reverse EMT via TGFBR1/2 inhibitors while stimulating mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) differentiation inside mammary epithelial cells [85]. TGF-...
Furthermore, it was verified in the GSVA analysis that pericytes within BM tumors had significantly enriched activations of angiogenesis, EMT and TGFβ signaling pathways when compared with those within PT tumors (Figure 6F). Thus, we hypothesize that TGFβ released by various types of cells ...
or post–enfortumab vedotin immunologic context [21,22]. For example, anti–PD-1 antibodies increase the number CD4+ cells, which normalizes tumor blood flow, allowing more drug to reach the tumor tissues, and long-term use of enfortumab vedotin makes tumor tissue sensitive to CCs [23,24...
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