It can be observed that the inter-cluster distance increases and the number of missclassifications decreases with the use of the KL term in FCM. This is due to the use of KL divergence as a penalty term in the method, which avoids the overlapping of the cluster centers by maximizing the ...
In addition, the machine learning algorithms also contain “hyperparameters”, such as the penalty term, insensitive loss function term and coefficient of the kernel function, that control model complexity and help balance the bias-variance tradeoff. In general, the hyperparameters are adjusted to ...
By integrating a price penalty factor (ρ), the multi-objective energy management problem can be transformed into a single-objective optimization problem, as shown in Eq. (26). The approach for determining the value of ρ is detailed in98. $$Minimize f_{CE} = \mathop \sum \limits_{i ...
L1Penalty.lua LayerNormalization.lua LeakyReLU.lua Linear.lua LinearWeightNorm.lua Log.lua LogSigmoid.lua LogSoftMax.lua LookupTable.lua MM.lua MSECriterion.lua MV.lua MapTable.lua MarginCriterion.lua MarginRankingCriterion.lua MaskedSelect.lua Max.lua Maxout.lua Mean.lua Min.lua MixtureTable.lua...
Price penalty factor References Rekioua, D. et al. Optimization and intelligent power management control for an autonomous hybrid wind turbine photovoltaic diesel generator with batteries. Sci. Rep. 13, 21830. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49067-4 (2023). Article ADS CAS PubMed PubMed...
The penalty gain or constant value in Eq. (6) can be defined as a very large value. This is to ensure any solution with one or more poles outside the unit circle can be disregard and excluded. Incorporating such approach in the optimisation algorithm may give an extra challenge but a ...
During TOT states, participants were more likely to risk requesting a later multiple-choice set of potential answers when a point loss penalty for wrong answers would occur; they were also more likely to actually choose the correct multiple-choice answer. A test designed for differential point ...
When using VMD decomposition and noise reduction, the noise reduction effect of the signal is more sensitive to the decomposition layers K and the penalty factor alpha [33]; in addition, a unified decomposition parameter cannot be used for the vibration data of different types of gearbox faults....
This process was repeated ten times to allow each one tenth as the test set and decide the best DF penalty. The set of dummy variables, which represents the com- bination of levels of the predictors, displayed in the form of BFs in MARS, may not be mutually exclusive. MARS automatically...
Here,\({F}_{TC}\)represents the objective function to minimize costs, while\({F}_{EM}\)is the objective function for reducing emissions in Eq. (22). By incorporating a price penalty factor through (\(h\)), the multi-objective energy management problem can be converted into a single-...