Acute toxicity occurs from a single dose of toxin. Chronic toxicity occurs from small doses of toxins administered to an organism over time, usually weeks or months.What is Toxicity? A critical misconception must be cleared up before discussing the toxicity definition. Poisonous substances are toxic...
Acute toxicity is a dose-limiting factor for intravenous polymyxin B: A safety and pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese subjectsPolymyxinPharmacokineticsSafetyUrinary recoveryNeurotoxicityObjectives: Polymyxin B is a last-line antibiotic for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. However, ...
What is acute renal failure (ARF)? • ARF refers to a sudden decline in renal function that occurs over hours to days. • Disease can involve prerenal, renal, or postrenal elements. • Hemodynamic, filtration, and excretory failure lead to the accumulation of metabolic toxins as well ...
The O2concentration that is toxic to the lungs in critically ill patients is not known, but prior injury may provide tolerance to O2toxicity, whereas other conditioning agents, such asbleomycin, may enhance oxidative injury. An Fio2of 0.7 or higher is generally considered injurious to thenormal ...
Nephrotoxic mechanisms of ATN include direct drug toxicity, intrarenal vasoconstriction, and intratubular obstruction (see Pathophysiology and Etiology). Whether the cause is ischemia or nephrotoxicity, most of the pathophysiologic features of ATN are the same. [2] The history, physical examination, ...
Strategies to overcome myelotoxic therapy for the treatment of Burkitt's and AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma BACKGROUND: Strategies to circumvent or lessen the myelotoxicity associated with combination chemotherapy may improve the overall outcome of the management... RA Rochford,G Feuer,J Orem,...
This was remedied with the GO re-approval in 2017 at a lower dose to minimize toxicity, based on a meta-analysis of five randomized frontline trials in AML clearly demonstrating benefit17. The use of GO is now particularly important in the therapy of CBF AML and APL. The second example ...
Bleomycin is an antibiotic and anticancer drug with a major side effect of pulmonary toxicity, which manifests as lung fibrosis in a significant proportion of cancer patients [55]. As a result, this drug has been used to induce ALI in animal models via intravenous, intraperitoneal, or intra...
This paper confirms that fish embryo tests are neither better nor worse than acute fish toxicity tests and offer a reasonable alternative to increased use of fish in the future. Still, research is needed to provide the technical basis for other species in addition to zebrafish embryos to be ...
Toxicity by organophosphate insecticides of fumigators working on the dengue control campaign in Aragua state, Venezuela, 2008. Bol Malariol Salud Ambiental. 2010;50(1):119–25. Google Scholar Gonzalez-Andrade F, Lopez-Pulles R, Estevez E. Acute pesticide poisoning in Ecuador: a short ...