The actual stress of the spirals at the peak load decreased with the concrete compression strength, which increased the volumetric ratio of spirals. Furthermore, the actual stress predicting equation of spirals in RPC at the peak load was developed based on the results. Meanwhile the formula for...
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To limit the maximum crack width, minimum reinforcement ratio is proposed by different standards. Yamaguchi crack control system suggests 0.3% as standard reinforcement ratio for the vertical walls of RC abutments [6]. ACI 224R-01[11] recommends 0.6% reinforcement to control cracks to acceptable ...
and their averaged results are shown inFigure 11. The upload time is zero when the volume of data is zero, so linear approximation using an intercept of zero can be used. Calculating the ratio of the slopes of the approximation formulae for the 4G and 5G connections, the upload time for...