with this particular example, the absolute risk reduction is 0.63%. The absolute risk is quite small, so the relative risk can be misleading. To put this in perspective,in 1950 the epidemiologist Richard Doll believedthat the risk for developing lung cancer was 50 times greater for someone who...
Methods: The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, using examples, how each measure is used, what it means, and what are its advantages and disadvantages. Results: Some pairs of measures present equivalent information. Furthermore, it is shown that different measures result in different ...
It may help to look at a couple of examples: Say your absolute risk of developing a certain disease is 4 in 1000. If a treatment reduces the relative risk by 50%, it means the 4 is reduced by 50%. Therefore, the treatment reduces the absolute risk from 4 in 1000 to 2 in 1000. ...
Here, using examples from the urological literature, we discuss the concepts of relative and absolute measures. PATIENT SUMMARY: When presenting the results of a trial, different ways of describing the same risk can influence the way patients and their doctors perceive the results. Reports can ...
Mackenbach JP, Kunst AE: Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: an overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe. Soc Sci Med. 1997, 44 (6): 757-771. 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00073-1. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar King NB, Harper S...
Ifoundtheargumentinteresting,andIwasalmostper- suaded.Rothmanetal.useoversimplifiedexamples,butthe publichealthimplicationstheydescribealsoholdunder morecomplexscenariosthatalsoinvolveconfounders. However,weshouldkeepinmindthatarelativerisk associatedwithadichotomousexposure,E,canalsobe thoughtofasaprotectiveeffectas...
The wikipedia article on alternate history presents some examples of stories exploring the “what would have the world been like if this rather than that had happened” as far back as two thousand years ago: ideas of parallel universe versions of our own observed universe are not as new as ...
though there are many papers and even books on the topic of EOS. AMR are safety limits, not meant to be precise or accurate for a givensemiconductorunit. There is no industry standard on how to determine and report electrical AMR. A few examples of product datasheets were found that inc...
To solidify these ideas, we will work through some practical examples in ophthalmology. In this manuscript, we will assume that we are interpreting results from a well-designed RCT with a clinically important dichotomous "negative" outcome measure (eg, 15-letter loss of visual acuity) comparing ...
we willocusneasuresfheizefreatment effect-elativeiskatio (RRR),bsoluteiskatio,nd number neededoreat (NNT).heseonceptsre important,pecifically withespecto decisionso implementreatmentodality inlinical practiceasednheesultsfCT.oolidifyhese ideas, we will workhroughome practical examples inphthalmology...