v\right\rangle + \left\langle QJv,Jv\right\rangle =\left\langle Qv_1,v_1\right\rangle + \left\langle Qv_2,v_2\right\rangle >0, we can make the quantity \left\langle tK(t) v,v\right\rangle \ge c t for large t and for any unit vector v\in {\text {span}}\{v_1,v_2...
The edge unit vector ue is defined as the source-centered direction vector $${{{\bf{u}}}_{\textrm{e}}=({{{\bf{x}}}_{\textrm{d}}-{{{\bf{x}}}_{\textrm{s}})(\parallel {{{\bf{x}}}_{\textrm{d}}-{{{\bf{x}}}_{\textrm{s}}\parallel)^{-1} .$$ (4) The magnit...
where 〈ijk〉 denotes an elementary triangle in the lattice, e is the electronic charge, \({\hat{{{\bf{r}}}_{ij}\) is the unit vector along the bond 〈ij〉. The forms of \(\delta {\hat{{{\boldsymbol{\rho }}}_{i,jk}\) and \({\hat{{{\boldsymbol{{{\mathcal{I}}}_{...
On the other hand, the normal unit vector, \( \vec{n} \), is defined in the direction normal to the contact plane [98], being the vector product of this magnitude and vector \( \vec{d} \) the minimum distance condition between the bodies. However, this is not enough to define un...
The superindex T denotes transposition; vectors and matrices are denoted in bold italic letters, and the estimated values of state variables are given in per-unit. In this case, a nodal VSC-based AC–DC station model The schematic representation of the VSC-based AC–DC station connected to ...
In a GNN, each graph element is represented with a hidden state hi (encoded as an n-element vector initialized with some features), and hidden states are combined according to the graph connections, through an iterative message-passing process. During each message-passing iteration the hidden ...
Symbolic links in directory path components are not resolved by default, leaving a potential symlink attack vector.Thus, robust and portable use of cd in scripts is unreasonably difficult. The modernish chdir function calls cd in a way that takes care of all these issues automatically: it disabl...
greatly improved and the processing gain is much higher than the simple DAS method that does not pre-whiten the noises. This process is shown in Fig.1in which the received data vectorXcontains the signal vectorSand noise vectorU. The vectorVis the pre-whitened output noise vector, andεis...
Here, u is the data vector containing the unknown 4D hyperspectral video, S is the temporal-spatial-spectral modulation matrix, R is the compressive subsampling matrix, and b is the compressive measurement vector containing the outputs from the SDI. The ratio between the amount of unknown data ...
Mapping cell type-specific gene expression quantitative trait loci (ct-eQTLs) is a powerful way to investigate the genetic basis of complex traits. A popular method for ct-eQTL mapping is to assess the interaction between the genotype of a genetic locus