and for the photon we rotate the polarization direction by the half-wave plate in Fig.1d. As shown in Fig.2c, when we scan the phase of the MW3 pulse, we observe a sinusoidal oscillation in the conditional probabilities\(P(\tilde{\uparrow }| \tilde{V})\)and\(P(\tilde{\uparrow }...
Intensive research on applications of active flow control methods was initiated by a famous work of Crow and Champagne1concerning a round jet. Applying a low amplitude excitation (forcing) being a sinusoidal function of time they observed that for some range of frequency the jet behaviour significan...
Asin(ωt) is the external sinusoidal excitation and ω indicates the excitation frequency. x˙,x¨ are the first and second differentiation of x with respect to time, t, which represent speed and acceleration respectively. x3 represents the stiffness nonlinearity of the vibrating system. Constant ...
blocking spikes using TTX reveals an additional oscillation, an approximately sinusoidal, calcium-mediated slow oscillatory potential (SOP) [5,16] that has a frequency in the spiking range. On the other hand, blocking (or negatively modulating) the small conductance SK potassium channel increases the...
In this work, we derive analytical solutions for two cases of unsteady motion of a two-layer fluid induced by sinusoidal oscillation of a flat plate in its own plane. We consider two cases: (i) the two-layer fluid is bounded only by the oscillating plate (Stokes’ second problem) (see ...
The basic idea of their analysis is to consider the oscillating systems forming a cluster in which each one contributes to the cluster in different degree. The cluster consists of a common rhythm that is a mean oscillation for all oscillating systems inside the cluster. Based on their theory, ...
Early reports of involuntary sEMG activity in SCI described how the deprivation of supraspinal control leads to an increase in LMN activities. This was manifested in sEMG response induced by passive knee movements, as sinusoidal torques can occasionally induced phasic sEMG and spasms in individuals wit...
Equation 11 tells us how the circuit in Figure 1 responds to a step input. We can see that the waveform has a sinusoidal-like nature and its amplitude is modulated by the term e–ζωnt, which decays or grows exponentially depending on whether the damping coefficient is positive or ...
Taking ζ→(ϕ) to be a purely sinusoidal function of ϕ i.e. θ(ϕ)=1, we get ζ2¯=1/2 and the other terms vanish. The behaviour of particle dynamics may be understood from the above averaged equation in the following way. Eq. (12) shows that the ponderomotive force ([...
We create a sinusoidal periodic oscillation in the 808-nm laser power (1.5–7.5 mW, 5 Hz) to illustrate the ultrafast thermometry of AuNR@pNIPAAm. Figure 4d demonstrates the temperature oscillation (solid line), overlapping the heating laser power modulation (dash line) and revealing the ...