The canonical model of sex-chromosome evolution predicts that, as recombination is suppressed along sex chromosomes, gametologs will progressively differentiate, eventually becoming heteromorphic. However, there are numerous examples of homomorphic sex chromosomes across the tree of life. This homomorphy ha...
a 529 Mb genome sequence is assembled, and >91% of the genome could be anchored on 13 chromosomes with a scaffold N50 of 36 Mb. We detect the remnants of a whole genome duplication
Basenji – Sequential regulatory activity prediction across chromosomes with convolutional neural networks[github1][github2][biorxiv] A follow-up project to Basset, this Tensorflow-based model uses both standard and dilated convolutions to model regulatory signals and gene expression (in the form of ...
with separately constructed homologous chromosomes, are fundamental resources for research in genomics, agriculture [1], medicine [2,3], and other related biological fields [4]. For example, when completely phased haplotypes from 32 human individuals were examined, researchers discovered several unidentif...
Frequently recognized in the previous section, aneuploidy, referring to abnormal number of chromosomes contained in oocyte, whether more or less, largely determines oocyte quality as the fertilization of an oocyte with aneuploidy always causes disability in embryos which often leads to implantation failure...
X-chromosomal genes contribute to sex differences, in particular during early development, when both X chromosomes are active in females. Double X-dosage shifts female pluripotent cells towards the naive stem cell state by increasing pluripotency factor
1996) were used to study historical recombinants on the disease chromosomes in the 29 affected homozygotes. Three kindreds included the most informative recombinants: kindreds A and H each included affected individuals heterozygous at D17S1787 but not at D17S1793, placing the gene distal or ...
Although the eukaryotic genome is mainly comprised of linear chromosomal DNA, genes can also be found outside of chromosomes. The unconventional presence of extrachromosomal genes is usually found to be circular, and these structures are named extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), which are often ob...
Signals of quality should converge on one or a few signal types that are more effective (or have lower costs) than others26,27,28. For example, receiver sensory biases or higher production and maintenance costs may make carotenoid-based (yellow, red) pigments more efficient or honest visual ...
aA map of syntenic orthologous (transparent blue) and homeologous blocks (gray with black borders) among the four reference genomes and the walnut outgroup. Chromosomes are represented by white segments and are scaled to the same physical size (Mb: megabases) for all genomes. Orthologous chromos...