Likelihood profiles and two log-likelihood support limits (corresponding to 95% confidence intervals; Edwards, 1972) were explored using the 'cross-section' option. Cline coincidence (centres at the same position) and concordance (equal cline widths) were explored with a likelihood ratio test (LRT...
e, Model comparison with shuffle-corrected log likelihoods relative to the SD model. Error bars represent ±bootstrap s.e. (n = 2,000 bootstraps); three asterisks (***) indicate the 99.9% bootstrap confidence interval excluding 0. f–h, Same as c–e but for animals, showing ...
Likelihood ratio 83.70.001 Wald 91.80.000 Lagrange multiplier 71.20.016 Note: Tests for the block exogeneity restriction for the VECM in Eq. ( 12 ). p-value of not rejecting the null hypothesis is in brackets. Next, we want to relax the hypothesis of only within countries cointegration rela...
E-value is an estimation of the expected number of motifs with the given log likelihood ratio (llr) or higher, and with the same width and number of occurrences, that one would
6 is that it examines the likelihood to run again for all incumbents and all previously non-elected candidates, which plausibly differ in many observed and unobserved characteristics. Based on the figure, one thus cannot disentangle whether the differential response to higher wage is due to ...
Elasticity measures how sensitive one variable is to any other variable, and it is expressed as the ratio of percentage changes in each variable ■own-price elasticity of demand 自身价格弹性定义的是商品的自身价格变化时,商品的需求的变化量
Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate HRs for incident CAD in the UK Biobank, with covariates of the first ten principal components. In model 1, only age and sex were modeled with the covariates. In model 2, only the clinical risk estimator—ACC/AHA PCE5 or QRISK3 (ref....
measure (e.g. a Wald test statistic or a likelihood ratio test). Only the top ranking features (i.e. features with the most significant univariate significance levels) will become candidate covariates for forward selection in a multivariate regression model. The top number of candidate features ...
(e.g. negative values) we use reflection at the boundary. The acceptance probability is proportional to the likelihood ratio, and uniform distributions are applied as flat priors on the rates. The MCMC is run over a distribution of trees, sampling λ and μ on each tree individually after a...
(ANOVA)P < 0.0001,n = 113 CovPs.d, CRP trajectories conditional on the recovery groups 1–3 with 95% confidence bands, estimated with a longitudinal mixed model accounting for patients’ repeated measurements (likelihood ratio (LR) tests for the baseline group effect and group ×...