even to a similar-sized side chain, could lead to a major reduction of neutralization potency (Fig. S7). Moreover, the unexpected binding mode of IY-2A has revealed that an epitope of RBD could be created by a conformational change, and in this way the conventional epitope...
activated complex- an intermediate state at the maximum energy point on the reaction path that occurs as reactants are being converted into products in a chemical reaction. activation energy - Ea- the minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur. active transport- the movemen...
The beneficial use of alkaline wastes or metallic ions to convert CO2 via neutralization of alkaline wastes, or reaction of CO2 with metallic ions to form less soluble carbonates that can be removed from produced water (oil & gas industry) is also a relevant CC application of CO2. ...
9,11,12,15,16 Sequestration, neutralization, and clearance of toxic α-synuclein species by PRX002 is thought to halt the spreading of pathogenic α-synuclein between neurons, resulting in neuronal protection and potentially slowing disease progression.15 PRX002 has a substantially higher affinity/...
Humoral immune responses are generally characterized by primary IgM antibody responses, followed by secondary IgG, IgA, and IgE antibody responses, linked with immunological memory. IgG, IgA, and IgE specific to SARS-CoV-2 elicited, but IgA dominates SARS-CoV-2 neutralization compared to primary im...
However, chemical processes are ineffective at low phosphorus concentrations, demanding high chemical depletion, continuous effluent neutralization, and sludge disposal (Kim et al. 2015). As described in Fig. 2, biological processes have low operating costs, generate minimal by-products, and can ...
This idea was examined in a study while the gelation of chitosan occurred through neutralization of its acidic solution using sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) as a gelling agent [52]. The ability of the injectable system to support osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was confirmed by osteogenic Runx2, ...
Eggshell membrane (ESM), a plentiful biological waste, consists of collagen-like proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronic acid (HA). Here we used a keratinase (oeMtaker)-mediated system to decompose ESM. The best reaction condition was e
the precipitated red mud was washed with distilled water and dried at 100 °C (Joseph et al.2019; Qi2021). Generally, acid treatment is an effective method to remove impurities from red mud. There are two approaches to achieving acid neutralization, the simple treatment and reflux method, fol...
The reaction occurs at high atmospheric pressures in liquid phase. The crude of lactonitrile is recovered. Purification is done by distillation. Then it is hydrolyzed to lactic acid, either by concentrated H2SO4 or by HCl to produce the resultant lactic acid and ammonium salt. After that ...