Similarly, c2c2 is a social learning parameter, and it weighs the importance of the global learning of the swarm. And r2r2 plays exactly the same role as r1r1. Lastly, Figure 1 shows the PSO algorithm flowchart, and one may notice that the optimization logic in it searches for minimums...
A gallon of gasoline weighs 6.3LBS. How much does it weigh after it is burned? The answer: 20 pounds. If you think about it, if you burn billions of tons of carbon over a century and expect nothing to happen, I truly question your ability to do math. Insanity is doing the same thi...
The firstmarine diesel engine charge air coolerwas built by Vestas aircoil A/S in 1956. Look at our historyhere. The phrase “charge air cooler” is an all-encompassing term, meaning that it cools the turbo’s charged air before it is routed into the engine. ...
6. A gallon of gasoline, which weighs 3 kg, will produce about 10 kg of CO2. The extra mass comes from the oxygen you might want to breathe instead. That’s less than 40 kilometers in my car. And that’s not even counting the CO2 generated to refine the gasoline. The EREI (Energ...
Koenigsegg, the Swedish car company, has a history of unusual engineering. The latest innovation is an electric motor developed for its Gemera hybrid vehicle. The relatively tiny motor weighs 63 pounds and develops 335 horsepower and 443 lb-ft of torque. Dubbed theQuark, the motor uses both ra...
Since I was stopped I decided to move my excess gas from the RotoPax to the fuel tank. Unnervingly, the tank swallowed my whole gallon and had room for more. Yikes! I still had plenty of water. Some in a couple battered plastic bottles from the gas station, and a gallon in the oth...
This cuts emissions to less than 50g of CO2 per kilometer. Later, the plug-in hybrid will come to the United States with a gasoline engine backing up the electrical drive. The third leg is to use power hybrids to give more miles to the gallon from Volvo's new, upcoming generation of ...
“My feeling is, I haven’t handled nearly enough gold,” said Chatterton, the diver, who has spent decades exploring shipwrecks around the world. “But the gold that I have handled? Guess what. It’s heavy.” Gold is one of the densest metals; a gallon milk jug filled with it would...
But even with gas at $4 per gallon, that $7,500 rebate is enough to cover 110 full tanks of gas. Or, put another way, enough fuel for me to drive some 37,000 miles, even if I never use the truck’s battery. All on the government’s dime. That works out great for me! But ...