1a), all of which are key aspects of ecosystem functioning and resilience to disturbance. This results in a set of 15 virtual communities (Fig. 1a). Even if the objective of the framework is not to identify which community characteristic determines functional vulnerability, we expect the ...
A well-balanced immune response is of fundamental importance for the fitness and survival of the organism. An overactive pro-inflammatory state invariably leads to immune dysregulation, including a diverse range of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases7,8. Understanding the mechanisms that tune the immun...
It seems necessary to promote the beneficial effects of health training on the organism through promotion and information programs for people coming into the autumn of life. People over 50 years of age should be aware that fitness and age-appropriate physical activity is the best way to ...
While such instabilities of metabolic interactions within a metaorganism due to environmental changes may pose a serious threat to metaorganism functioning, rapid alterations in metabolic interactions may also aid in fast acclimatization/adaptation responses. Reshef et al. (2006) postulated that the envir...
(e.g., north-south, east-west) so variations of light and thermal regimes can be incorporated. These studies are characterized by long distances between study areas where each lake is arranged at the furthest and opposite edges of the study organism’s distribution. For example, one lake in...
Understanding the functioning of natural systems is not easy, although there is general agreement that understanding complex systems is an important goal for science education. Defining what makes a natural system complex will assist in identifying gaps in research on student reasoning about systems. Th...
which creates an internal physiological state that is unhappy and stressful. These further impact the mental state and the thoughts that arise and even the parts of the brain that are functioning or active, causing the negativity to re-up, increase or cycle. It’s a toxic mental disaster and...
To this extent, models that focus on one or two loci are able to capture much of the evolutionary dynamics of an organism, even though in reality many interdependencies between thousands of loci (epistasis, dominance, etc.) occur as the basis of the production and functioning of a phenotypic...
Decomposition is one of Earth’s most foundational processes, sustaining life through the recycling of dead biological material1,2. This resource conversion is critical for fuelling core ecosystem functions, such as plant productivity and soil respiration. Microbial networks underpin organic matter breakdo...
Niche space: A multidimensional description of the conditions under which a particular organism is able to maintain positive population grown. Organic matter (OM) diversity: The variety of OM in a particular place and time; includes all aspects of OM that might be relevant for consumers, including...