In vitroTobacco heating productsCigarette smoking increases health risks, such as respiratory diseases and heart diseases. Despite the decline in smoking rates in some countries, millions of adults still choose to smoke cigarettes. The use of next-generation nicotine delivery devices, such as tobacco ...
Systems Toxicology Meta-analysis of in Vitro Assessment Studies: Biological Impact of a Candidate Modified-risk Tobacco Product Aerosol Compared with Cigarette Smoke on Human Organotypic Cultures of the Aerodigestive Tract Toxicology Research (2017) Google Scholar Johannsen et al., 2014 A. Johannsen, C...
A new reference cigarette, the 3R4F, has been developed to replace the depleting supply of the 2R4F cigarette. The present study was designed to compare mainstream smoke chemistry and toxicity of the two reference cigarettes under the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) machine ...
Swedish anus is a smokeless tobacco product that contains reduced levels of harmful compounds compared with cigarette smoke. In Sweden, where snus use exceeds smoking among men, relatively low rates of major smoking-related diseases have been recorded. To better understand how snus use could align ...
Lately, the Kentucky reference cigarette 3R4F has been widely used as a monitor or a comparator cigarette for mainstream smoke (MS) analyses and in vitro and in vivo toxicological assays. It has been regularly used as a monitor in collaborative tests organized for the analysis of MS ...